kiddphunk · December 20, 2015 01:49
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
diff --git a/chart.coffee b/chart.coffee
 createTangleControls = (id, options) ->
    new Tangle (document.getElementById "tangle-controls#{id}"), 
            initialize: ->
                initialize @
                _.extend @, options

            update: -> update @, "#chart#{id}", "#content#{id}"



 initChart = (opts={}) ->

    sample0 = "I have a dream"
    sample1 = "How much wood would a woodchuck chuck If a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, And chuck as much as a woodchuck would If a woodchuck could chuck wood."
    sample2 = "Any one and any one, one and one and two, and one and one and one, and one and many, and one and some, and one and any one, and any one and any one, any one and any one is one and one is one and one is some one and some one is some one, any one and one and one and one, any one is that one and that one is that one and any one and one, and one and one, any one is the one and the one who is the one is that one. The one who is the one who is that one, any one and any one is one, one is one, one is that one, and any one, any one is one and one is one, and one and one, and one and one and one and one."    
    sample3 = "On the first day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  A partridge in a pear tree.   On the second day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the third day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the fourth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the fifth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the sixth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the seventh day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the eighth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the ninth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Nine ladies dancing,  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the tenth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Ten lords a-leaping,  Nine ladies dancing,  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the eleventh day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Eleven pipers piping,  Ten lords a-leaping,  Nine ladies dancing,  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the twelfth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Twelve drummers drumming,  Eleven pipers piping,  Ten lords a-leaping,  Nine ladies dancing,  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree!  "
    defsamp = sample1
    option_defaults = 
        height:         0#500      # if 0 uses window height
        width:          0#1000     # if 0 uses window width
        offset:         no         # stack cells without natural overlap?
        tails:          no         # height of cell depends upon length of n-gram?
        white:          yes        # white border? (black if no)
        separateByType: no         # use algo to maximize separation of cells by length
        onlyDuplicates: yes        # only show n-grams with at least one other match
        heightByCount:  no         # height corresponds to ngram count (default is length)
        border:         0          # 0, 1, 5
        opacityFactor:  1          # 0-N
        opacityFloor:  .2          # 0-1
        opacityMax:    .8          # 0-1
        ngramMin:       2          # 2-N
        ngramMax:       100        # 2-N
        heightScale:    10
        yScale:         10
        sortAlgo:       3          # 1,2,3
        opacityAlgo:    2          # 0-1,2,3,4
        fillAlgo:       1          # 0,1,2,3
        sampleDiv:      "#content" # name of the div the source is in
        sample:         defsamp
        palette:        "Pimp"     # Ocean, Pimp, Radical, Pastel
        mutate:         no         # mutation on?

    options      = _.extend {}, option_defaults, opts
    custom       = no
    stackOffset  = 0
    offState     = {}
    headsState   = {}
    colorState   = {}
    openState    = {}
    lastPalette  = no
    colorPalette = no    
    isRendering  = no
    iteration    = 1
    maxCount     = 0
    height = width = colorIndex = cellHeight = cellWidth = max = min = 0
    margin = top: 50, right: 20, bottom: 150, left: 20


    reset = (resetColor=no) ->
        stackOffset = colorIndex = 0
        openState = {}
        colorState = {} if resetColor

    window.setOptions = (opts) ->
        reset (opts.paletteType isnt options.paletteType) or 
              (opts.palette     isnt options.palette)

        if opts.mutate isnt options.mutate
            isRendering = options.mutate

        options = _.extend {}, option_defaults, opts
        options.sample or= defsamp
        options.fillAlgo = if options.paletteType is "d3" then 2 else 1
        options.sortAlgo = 2 if options.separateByType
        d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]?.value = options.sample unless custom
        window.setopts or= {}
        window.setopts[opts.id] = _.extend {}, options
        window.chartrender no, no, (lastPalette isnt opts.palette)
        lastPalette = opts.palette
    
    d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]?.value = defsamp

    content = -> d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]?.value or options.sample

    window.chartrender = (doRandomize=no, resetSVG=no, resetPalette=no) ->
        if doRandomize or not colorPalette or resetPalette
            colorPalette = generateAndSortColors 64

        # xxx - work around for a bug where options is suddenly empty after N randomizations - todo: wtf
        if not options.sampleDiv then options = _.extend {}, window.setopts[options.id]
        options.sampleDiv or= "#content"
        d3.select("svg").call chart, (processData content(), doRandomize), resetSVG

    d3.select(window) .on "keyup", -> 
        custom = yes
        # Regenerates the graph on word-break key events.
        if _([32, 46, 8, 13]) .contains d3.event.keyCode then _.defer -> window.chartrender()
        # Regenerates the rendering options if the ESC-key is pressed.
        if _([27])            .contains d3.event.keyCode then _.defer -> window.chartrender yes if (isRendering = !isRendering)

    # Generate colors (as Chroma.js objects) and sort by differentiation first.
    # Ported from example code at http://jiminy.medialab.sciences-po.fr/tools/palettes/palettes.php
    generateAndSortColors = (numberOfColors) ->
        # Some example palette configurations taken from above reference.
        pal = {
            "Pimp":    {hclrange: [[0,360],[0.9,10],[0.4,10]],   algo: 'kmeans'}
            "Pastel":  {hclrange: [[0,360],[0,0.9],[1,10]],      algo: 'kmeans'}
            "Radical": {hclrange: [[0,360],[0,10],[0,10]],       algo: 'forcevector'}
            "Ocean":   {hclrange: [[220,260],[0.3,10],[0.5,10]], algo: 'forcevector'}
        }[options.palette]

        colors = paletteGenerator.generate \
            numberOfColors,
            ((color) ->
                hcl = color.hcl()
                (pal.hclrange[0][0] <= hcl[0] <= pal.hclrange[0][1]) and
                (pal.hclrange[1][0] <= hcl[1] <= pal.hclrange[1][1]) and
                (pal.hclrange[2][0] <= hcl[2] <= pal.hclrange[2][1])
            ), 
            pal.algo == 'forcevector',
            50
        # Return generated palette.
        paletteGenerator.diffSort colors

    # Initialize random seed, tokenizer and the color palette.
    tokenizer       = new Tokenizer()
    # Optional: use content to seed randomizer.
    seed            = -> Math.seedrandom content() # 'seed value'

    # These methods allow for quickly randomizing the styling/visualization
    # options, as well as "mutating" the current style by only randomizing
    # a few parameters at a time.
    mutateIndex     = 0
    ngramMax        = 100
    optKeys         = _.without _(options).keys(), "ngramMin", "ngramMax", "width", "height", "margin"
    mutate          = -> randomize (optKeys.sort -> .5-Math.random())[0..3]
    randomizeMutate = -> reset yes; if (not ++mutateIndex%3) then randomize() else mutate()
    automateMutate  = (cycle) -> setInterval ( -> window.chartrender yes if isRendering), cycle or 2000
    rand            = (items) -> items[Math.floor Math.random()*items.length]
    randomize       =  (keys) ->
        colorPalette = generateAndSortColors 64
        for key in keys or optKeys
            options[key] = switch key
                when "separateByType" then rand [yes, no, no]
                when "heightByCount" then  rand [yes, no, no]
                when "offset" then         rand [yes, no]
                when "tails" then          rand [yes, no]
                when "border" then         rand [0, 0, 1, 1, 5]
                when "white" then          rand [yes, no]
                when "opacityFactor" then  rand [0, 1, .5]
                when "opacityFloor" then   rand [.2, .4]
                when "opacityMax" then     rand [.4, .4, .6, .8, .95]
                when "sortAlgo" then       rand [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
                when "opacityAlgo" then    rand [.2, .5, 1, 2, 3, 4]
                when "fillAlgo" then       rand [0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3]
                when "palette" then        rand ["Ocean", "Pimp", "Radical", "Pastel"]

        # Fix for any particularly obnoxious combinations.
        if (not options['white']) and (options['border'] is 5) then options['border'] = 1
        if (not options['fillAlgo']) then options['fillAlgo'] = rand [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3]
        if options['separateByType'] then options['tails'] = no
        console.log JSON.stringify options

    # Recalc on resize.
    d3.select(window).on "resize", _.throttle ( -> 
        width = 0
        window.chartrender no, yes
        window.chartrender no, yes ), 100

    createSVG = ->
        bodyW = +d3.select("body").style('width').replace('px','')
        if 0 < options.width < 1
            width  = bodyW * options.width 
            height = options.height or bodyW/4
        else 
            width  = options.width  or bodyW
            height = options.height or bodyW/4
        return null unless id = options.id 
        d3.select("#{id} svg").remove()        

        svg = d3.select(id).append("svg")
            .attr("width",  width+20)
            .attr("height", height+margin.bottom)
          .append("g")
            .attr("transform", (d) -> "translate(0,0)")

    chart = (svg, data, resetSVG) ->
        # d3.select(".tooltip").remove()
        div      = d3.select("body").append("div").attr("class", "tooltip")
        maxStart = _(data) .max (d) -> d.start
        minStart = _(data) .min (d) -> d.start
        return unless svg = createSVG()

        scale = \
            if options.separateByType
                if options.offset then  1 else .5
            else if options.offset 
                if options.tails then .5 else .25
            else
                if options.tails then  1 else  1

        mousemove = (d) ->
            div .text((d.key.split '\/')[1..].join ' ')
                .style("left",         "#{d3.event.pageX + 40}px")
                .style("top",          "#{d3.event.pageY + 20}px")
                .style("color",        (getFill d).toString())
                .style("border-color", (getFill d).toString())
                .style("opacity",      .8)
        mouseout = -> 
            div .style("opacity",       0)

        l = if maxStart then maxStart.start+maxStart.length else 0
        x = d3.scale.linear()
                .domain([0, cellWidth*(l or tokenizer.results.length)])
                .range([0, width])

        svg.select(".line").remove()
        if tokenizer.results.length < 200
            line = svg.selectAll(".line").data tokenizer.results
            line.enter().append("line")
                .attr("class", "line")
                .attr("x1", 0)
                .attr("y1", 30)
                .attr("x2", 0)
                .attr("y2", height+margin.top+margin.bottom)
                .style("stroke",          -> if not maxStart?.start then "#99f" else "#ccc")
                .style("stroke-width",    -> if not maxStart?.start then 2      else 1)
                .style("stroke-opacity",  -> if not maxStart?.start then 1      else .25)
                .attr("transform", (d, i) -> "translate(#{x(i*cellWidth)+1},0)")

        if maxStart
            getYScale = (d) ->
                count = _(data) .reduce ((memo, obj) -> memo + (obj.length-1) ), 0
                y = d3.scale.linear()
                        .domain([-max.length/scale, max.length/scale])
                        .range([0, height])
                y2 = d3.scale.linear()
                        .domain([0, -count*2])
                        .range([0,  height])
                y3 = d3.scale.linear()
                        .domain([0, -count])
                        .range([0,  height])

                method = if options.separateByType then (if options.offset then y2 else y3) else y
                method options.yScale/10 * (getYOffset d)

            bars = svg.selectAll(".bar").data data
            bars.exit().remove()
            bars.enter().append("rect")
            bars.attr("class", "bar")
                .attr("x",             (d) -> x(d.start*cellWidth)+1)
                .attr("y",             (d) -> getYScale d)
                .attr("width",         (d) -> x(d.length*cellWidth))                
                .attr("height",        (d) -> options.heightScale/10 * (getHeight d))
                .attr("transform",     (d) -> "translate(0,#{margin.top})")
                .style("stroke",       (d) -> if options.white then '#fff' else '#000')
                .style("stroke-width", (d) -> options.border)
                .style("fill",         (d) -> getFill d)
                .attr("opacity",       (d) -> getOpacity d)
                .on("mousemove", mousemove)
                .on("mouseout", mouseout)

        svg.select(".label").remove()
        if tokenizer.results.length < 200
            text = svg.selectAll(".label").data tokenizer.results
            text.enter().append("text")
                .attr("class", "label")
                .text(                (d) -> d)
                .attr("font-size", (d, i) -> if not maxStart?.start then 20 else Math.max(20-tokenizer.results.length/2, 10))
                .attr("fill",      (d, i) -> if not maxStart?.start then "#99f" else "#ccc")
                .attr("transform", (d, i) -> "translate(#{3+x(i*cellWidth)+1},30)rotate(-22.5)")


    processData = (rawData, doRandomize=no) ->
        newdata    = []
        headsState = {}
        offState   = {}
        colorIndex = 0

        min = options.ngramMin or 2
        max = options.ngramMax or 100

        randomizeMutate() if doRandomize
        tokenizer.clear()
        tokenizer.allgrams min, max, rawData

        values = \
        if options.onlyDuplicates
            tokenizer.getDuplicates()
        else
            tokenizer.getAllTokens()

        newdata .push _(values) .map (d) ->
            _(d.location) .map (item) ->
                key:    d.key
                length: d.length
                count:  d.location.length
                start:  item
        data = \
        switch options.sortAlgo
            # by starting index
            when 1
                _(_.flatten newdata) .sortBy (d) -> d.start
            # by length, shortest-on-bottom
            when 2
                (_(_.flatten newdata) .sortBy (d) -> d.length)
            # by length, shortest-on-top
            when 3
                (_(_.flatten newdata) .sortBy (d) -> d.length) .reverse()

        maxCount = _(data) .max (d) -> d.count

        if max = (_(data) .max (d) -> d.length)
            cellWidth  = Math.floor width/(data.length or tokenizer.results.length)
            cellHeight = if options.offset then height/max.length else height/max.length/4
        else
            cellWidth  = cellHeight = 1
        data


    getHeight = (d) -> 
        [value, mult] = if options.heightByCount then [d.count/maxCount.count+1, 3] else [d.length, 1]
        if options.separateByType then mult = .1
        mult * cellHeight * 
            if options.tails 
                if not options.offset
                    (value-1) * 2 
                else
                    (value-1) / 2
            else 
                if not options.offset
                    2
                else
                    1

    getOpacity = (d) ->
        switch options.opacityAlgo
            # algo #1
            when 2
                .2 + d3.min [.1, ((max.length-(_.min [max.length, d.length+2]))/(max.length*4))]
            # algo #2
            when 3
                d3.max [options.opacityFloor, options.opacityMax-options.opacityFactor*d.length/10]
            # algo #3
            when 4
                .2 + (1 - Math.abs(options.ngramMax-options.ngramMin)/10)/2
            # direct specification of opacity (from 0-1)
            else 
                options.opacityAlgo

    # d3 color mapping for fill algo #2.
    color = d3.scale.ordinal()
        .domain(_(options.sample).map (d) -> d.key)
        .range(["#FF0080", "#00FF80", "#8000FF"])
    
    getFill = (d) ->
        switch options.fillAlgo
            # chroma.js color palette
            when 1        
                # colorState[d.key] or= colorPalette[(++colorIndex)%d.length]
                colorState[d.key] or= colorPalette[(++colorIndex)%64] 
            # d3 domain color palette
            when 2
                colorState[d.key] or= color d.key
            # red/blue color palette
            when 3
                colorState[d.key] or= if d.length%2 is 0 then '#2BFF00' else '#FF00DB'
            # mono color palette
            else
                colorState[d.key] or= colorPalette[mutateIndex%colorPalette.length]


    getYOffset = (d) ->
        offset = d.start%2 is 1
        key    = d.key
        extra  = 0

        if options.separateByType
            if options.offset
                stackOffset -= 2*(d.length-1)
                return stackOffset
            else
                return if openState[d.key] then openState[d.key] else
                    stackOffset -= 2*(d.length-1)
                    openState[d.key] = stackOffset

        headsState[key] = offset if headsState[key] is undefined
        side = if headsState[key] then 1 else -1

        if options.offset
            if options.heightByCount

                mult = options.yScale/10
                return if side is 1
                    (d.length-2) *  mult
                else
                    (d.length-1) * -mult

            if options.tails and options.yScale is options.heightScale
                return if side is 1 then 0 else
                    (d.length-1) * -2
            else
                return if side is 1
                    (d.length)   *  2 - 4
                else
                    (d.length-1) * -2
        else
            return d.length * if options.tails then -1 else 1


    window.automateMutate = automateMutate
    automateMutate 2000
    window.chartrender no, yes
    
diff --git a/chart.css b/chart.css
 body {
    font: 14px sans-serif;
    overflow: hidden;
    font-family:'Helvetica Nueue', 'Helvetica', 'Arial';
    background-color:#fff;
    color:#aaa;
 }
 textarea {
    outline: none;
    margin-top:50px;
    border: none;
    border-top: 2px solid #eee;
    background-color:#fff;
    font-size: 20px;
    color: #999;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100px;
    text-align: center;
 }
 svg {
    shape-rendering: crispEdges;
    text-align:center;
    overflow:visible;
 }
 #mutation:hover {
    background-color: #eee;
 }
 #mutation {
    cursor:pointer;
    font-size:14px;
    color:#666;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius:5px;
    padding:5px;
    margin:10px;
 }
 .content {
    height:auto;
 }

 /*
 *  TangleKit.css
 *  Tangle 0.1.0
 *
 *  Created by Bret Victor on 6/10/11.
 *  (c) 2011 Bret Victor.  MIT open-source license.
 *
 */

 .TKCursorDragHorizontal {
    cursor: pointer;
    cursor: move;
    cursor: col-resize;
 }
 .TKToggle {
    color: #46f;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed #46f;
    cursor: pointer;
 }
 .TKAdjustableNumber {
    position:relative;
    color: #46f;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed #46f;
 }
 .TKAdjustableNumberHover {
 }
 .TKAdjustableNumberDown {
    color: #00c;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed #00c;
 }
 .TKAdjustableNumberHelp {
    position:absolute;
    color: #00f;
    font: 9px "Helvetica-Neue", "Arial", sans-serif;
 }
 div.tooltip {
  position: absolute;
  text-align: center;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  padding: 8px;
  min-width:100px;
  font: 16px "Helvetica-Neue", "Arial", sans-serif;
  background: #fff;
  border: solid 1px #ddd;
  border-radius: 1px;
  pointer-events: none;
  line-height: 10px;
  opacity:0;
 }
diff --git a/chart.js b/chart.js
 // Generated by CoffeeScript 1.8.0
 var createTangleControls, initChart;

 createTangleControls = function(id, options) {
  return new Tangle(document.getElementById("tangle-controls" + id), {
    initialize: function() {
      initialize(this);
      return _.extend(this, options);
    },
    update: function() {
      return update(this, "#chart" + id, "#content" + id);
    }
  });
 };

 initChart = function(opts) {
  var automateMutate, cellHeight, cellWidth, chart, color, colorIndex, colorPalette, colorState, content, createSVG, custom, defsamp, generateAndSortColors, getFill, getHeight, getOpacity, getYOffset, headsState, height, isRendering, iteration, lastPalette, margin, max, maxCount, min, mutate, mutateIndex, ngramMax, offState, openState, optKeys, option_defaults, options, processData, rand, randomize, randomizeMutate, reset, sample0, sample1, sample2, sample3, seed, stackOffset, tokenizer, width, _ref;
  if (opts == null) {
    opts = {};
  }
  sample0 = "I have a dream";
  sample1 = "How much wood would a woodchuck chuck If a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, And chuck as much as a woodchuck would If a woodchuck could chuck wood.";
  sample2 = "Any one and any one, one and one and two, and one and one and one, and one and many, and one and some, and one and any one, and any one and any one, any one and any one is one and one is one and one is some one and some one is some one, any one and one and one and one, any one is that one and that one is that one and any one and one, and one and one, any one is the one and the one who is the one is that one. The one who is the one who is that one, any one and any one is one, one is one, one is that one, and any one, any one is one and one is one, and one and one, and one and one and one and one.";
  sample3 = "On the first day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  A partridge in a pear tree.   On the second day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the third day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the fourth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the fifth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the sixth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the seventh day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the eighth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the ninth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Nine ladies dancing,  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the tenth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Ten lords a-leaping,  Nine ladies dancing,  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the eleventh day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Eleven pipers piping,  Ten lords a-leaping,  Nine ladies dancing,  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree.   On the twelfth day of Christmas,  my true love sent to me  Twelve drummers drumming,  Eleven pipers piping,  Ten lords a-leaping,  Nine ladies dancing,  Eight maids a-milking,  Seven swans a-swimming,  Six geese a-laying,  Five golden rings,  Four calling birds,  Three French hens,  Two turtle doves,  And a partridge in a pear tree!  ";
  defsamp = sample1;
  option_defaults = {
    height: 0,
    width: 0,
    offset: false,
    tails: false,
    white: true,
    separateByType: false,
    onlyDuplicates: true,
    heightByCount: false,
    border: 0,
    opacityFactor: 1,
    opacityFloor: .2,
    opacityMax: .8,
    ngramMin: 2,
    ngramMax: 100,
    heightScale: 10,
    yScale: 10,
    sortAlgo: 3,
    opacityAlgo: 2,
    fillAlgo: 1,
    sampleDiv: "#content",
    sample: defsamp,
    palette: "Pimp",
    mutate: false
  };
  options = _.extend({}, option_defaults, opts);
  custom = false;
  stackOffset = 0;
  offState = {};
  headsState = {};
  colorState = {};
  openState = {};
  lastPalette = false;
  colorPalette = false;
  isRendering = false;
  iteration = 1;
  maxCount = 0;
  height = width = colorIndex = cellHeight = cellWidth = max = min = 0;
  margin = {
    top: 50,
    right: 20,
    bottom: 150,
    left: 20
  };
  reset = function(resetColor) {
    if (resetColor == null) {
      resetColor = false;
    }
    stackOffset = colorIndex = 0;
    openState = {};
    if (resetColor) {
      return colorState = {};
    }
  };
  window.setOptions = function(opts) {
    var _ref;
    reset((opts.paletteType !== options.paletteType) || (opts.palette !== options.palette));
    if (opts.mutate !== options.mutate) {
      isRendering = options.mutate;
    }
    options = _.extend({}, option_defaults, opts);
    options.sample || (options.sample = defsamp);
    options.fillAlgo = options.paletteType === "d3" ? 2 : 1;
    if (options.separateByType) {
      options.sortAlgo = 2;
    }
    if (!custom) {
      if ((_ref = d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]) != null) {
        _ref.value = options.sample;
      }
    }
    window.setopts || (window.setopts = {});
    window.setopts[opts.id] = _.extend({}, options);
    window.chartrender(false, false, lastPalette !== opts.palette);
    return lastPalette = opts.palette;
  };
  if ((_ref = d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]) != null) {
    _ref.value = defsamp;
  }
  content = function() {
    var _ref1;
    return ((_ref1 = d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]) != null ? _ref1.value : void 0) || options.sample;
  };
  window.chartrender = function(doRandomize, resetSVG, resetPalette) {
    if (doRandomize == null) {
      doRandomize = false;
    }
    if (resetSVG == null) {
      resetSVG = false;
    }
    if (resetPalette == null) {
      resetPalette = false;
    }
    if (doRandomize || !colorPalette || resetPalette) {
      colorPalette = generateAndSortColors(64);
    }
    if (!options.sampleDiv) {
      options = _.extend({}, window.setopts[options.id]);
    }
    options.sampleDiv || (options.sampleDiv = "#content");
    return d3.select("svg").call(chart, processData(content(), doRandomize), resetSVG);
  };
  d3.select(window).on("keyup", function() {
    custom = true;
    if (_([32, 46, 8, 13]).contains(d3.event.keyCode)) {
      _.defer(function() {
        return window.chartrender();
      });
    }
    if (_([27]).contains(d3.event.keyCode)) {
      return _.defer(function() {
        if ((isRendering = !isRendering)) {
          return window.chartrender(true);
        }
      });
    }
  });
  generateAndSortColors = function(numberOfColors) {
    var colors, pal;
    pal = {
      "Pimp": {
        hclrange: [[0, 360], [0.9, 10], [0.4, 10]],
        algo: 'kmeans'
      },
      "Pastel": {
        hclrange: [[0, 360], [0, 0.9], [1, 10]],
        algo: 'kmeans'
      },
      "Radical": {
        hclrange: [[0, 360], [0, 10], [0, 10]],
        algo: 'forcevector'
      },
      "Ocean": {
        hclrange: [[220, 260], [0.3, 10], [0.5, 10]],
        algo: 'forcevector'
      }
    }[options.palette];
    colors = paletteGenerator.generate(numberOfColors, (function(color) {
      var hcl, _ref1, _ref2, _ref3;
      hcl = color.hcl();
      return ((pal.hclrange[0][0] <= (_ref1 = hcl[0]) && _ref1 <= pal.hclrange[0][1])) && ((pal.hclrange[1][0] <= (_ref2 = hcl[1]) && _ref2 <= pal.hclrange[1][1])) && ((pal.hclrange[2][0] <= (_ref3 = hcl[2]) && _ref3 <= pal.hclrange[2][1]));
    }), pal.algo === 'forcevector', 50);
    return paletteGenerator.diffSort(colors);
  };
  tokenizer = new Tokenizer();
  seed = function() {
    return Math.seedrandom(content());
  };
  mutateIndex = 0;
  ngramMax = 100;
  optKeys = _.without(_(options).keys(), "ngramMin", "ngramMax", "width", "height", "margin");
  mutate = function() {
    return randomize((optKeys.sort(function() {
      return .5 - Math.random();
    })).slice(0, 4));
  };
  randomizeMutate = function() {
    reset(true);
    if (!++mutateIndex % 3) {
      return randomize();
    } else {
      return mutate();
    }
  };
  automateMutate = function(cycle) {
    return setInterval((function() {
      if (isRendering) {
        return window.chartrender(true);
      }
    }), cycle || 2000);
  };
  rand = function(items) {
    return items[Math.floor(Math.random() * items.length)];
  };
  randomize = function(keys) {
    var key, _i, _len, _ref1;
    colorPalette = generateAndSortColors(64);
    _ref1 = keys || optKeys;
    for (_i = 0, _len = _ref1.length; _i < _len; _i++) {
      key = _ref1[_i];
      options[key] = (function() {
        switch (key) {
          case "separateByType":
            return rand([true, false, false]);
          case "heightByCount":
            return rand([true, false, false]);
          case "offset":
            return rand([true, false]);
          case "tails":
            return rand([true, false]);
          case "border":
            return rand([0, 0, 1, 1, 5]);
          case "white":
            return rand([true, false]);
          case "opacityFactor":
            return rand([0, 1, .5]);
          case "opacityFloor":
            return rand([.2, .4]);
          case "opacityMax":
            return rand([.4, .4, .6, .8, .95]);
          case "sortAlgo":
            return rand([1, 2, 3, 3, 3]);
          case "opacityAlgo":
            return rand([.2, .5, 1, 2, 3, 4]);
          case "fillAlgo":
            return rand([0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3]);
          case "palette":
            return rand(["Ocean", "Pimp", "Radical", "Pastel"]);
        }
      })();
    }
    if ((!options['white']) && (options['border'] === 5)) {
      options['border'] = 1;
    }
    if (!options['fillAlgo']) {
      options['fillAlgo'] = rand([0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3]);
    }
    if (options['separateByType']) {
      options['tails'] = false;
    }
    return console.log(JSON.stringify(options));
  };
  d3.select(window).on("resize", _.throttle((function() {
    width = 0;
    window.chartrender(false, true);
    return window.chartrender(false, true);
  }), 100));
  createSVG = function() {
    var bodyW, id, svg, _ref1;
    bodyW = +d3.select("body").style('width').replace('px', '');
    if ((0 < (_ref1 = options.width) && _ref1 < 1)) {
      width = bodyW * options.width;
      height = options.height || bodyW / 4;
    } else {
      width = options.width || bodyW;
      height = options.height || bodyW / 4;
    }
    if (!(id = options.id)) {
      return null;
    }
    d3.select("" + id + " svg").remove();
    return svg = d3.select(id).append("svg").attr("width", width + 20).attr("height", height + margin.bottom).append("g").attr("transform", function(d) {
      return "translate(0,0)";
    });
  };
  chart = function(svg, data, resetSVG) {
    var bars, div, getYScale, l, line, maxStart, minStart, mousemove, mouseout, scale, text, x;
    div = d3.select("body").append("div").attr("class", "tooltip");
    maxStart = _(data).max(function(d) {
      return d.start;
    });
    minStart = _(data).min(function(d) {
      return d.start;
    });
    if (!(svg = createSVG())) {
      return;
    }
    scale = options.separateByType ? options.offset ? 1 : .5 : options.offset ? options.tails ? .5 : .25 : options.tails ? 1 : 1;
    mousemove = function(d) {
      return div.text((d.key.split('\/')).slice(1).join(' ')).style("left", "" + (d3.event.pageX + 40) + "px").style("top", "" + (d3.event.pageY + 20) + "px").style("color", (getFill(d)).toString()).style("border-color", (getFill(d)).toString()).style("opacity", .8);
    };
    mouseout = function() {
      return div.style("opacity", 0);
    };
    l = maxStart ? maxStart.start + maxStart.length : 0;
    x = d3.scale.linear().domain([0, cellWidth * (l || tokenizer.results.length)]).range([0, width]);
    svg.select(".line").remove();
    if (tokenizer.results.length < 200) {
      line = svg.selectAll(".line").data(tokenizer.results);
      line.enter().append("line").attr("class", "line").attr("x1", 0).attr("y1", 30).attr("x2", 0).attr("y2", height + margin.top + margin.bottom).style("stroke", function() {
        if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
          return "#99f";
        } else {
          return "#ccc";
        }
      }).style("stroke-width", function() {
        if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
          return 2;
        } else {
          return 1;
        }
      }).style("stroke-opacity", function() {
        if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
          return 1;
        } else {
          return .25;
        }
      }).attr("transform", function(d, i) {
        return "translate(" + (x(i * cellWidth) + 1) + ",0)";
      });
    }
    if (maxStart) {
      getYScale = function(d) {
        var count, method, y, y2, y3;
        count = _(data).reduce((function(memo, obj) {
          return memo + (obj.length - 1);
        }), 0);
        y = d3.scale.linear().domain([-max.length / scale, max.length / scale]).range([0, height]);
        y2 = d3.scale.linear().domain([0, -count * 2]).range([0, height]);
        y3 = d3.scale.linear().domain([0, -count]).range([0, height]);
        method = options.separateByType ? (options.offset ? y2 : y3) : y;
        return method(options.yScale / 10 * (getYOffset(d)));
      };
      bars = svg.selectAll(".bar").data(data);
      bars.exit().remove();
      bars.enter().append("rect");
      bars.attr("class", "bar").attr("x", function(d) {
        return x(d.start * cellWidth) + 1;
      }).attr("y", function(d) {
        return getYScale(d);
      }).attr("width", function(d) {
        return x(d.length * cellWidth);
      }).attr("height", function(d) {
        return options.heightScale / 10 * (getHeight(d));
      }).attr("transform", function(d) {
        return "translate(0," + margin.top + ")";
      }).style("stroke", function(d) {
        if (options.white) {
          return '#fff';
        } else {
          return '#000';
        }
      }).style("stroke-width", function(d) {
        return options.border;
      }).style("fill", function(d) {
        return getFill(d);
      }).attr("opacity", function(d) {
        return getOpacity(d);
      }).on("mousemove", mousemove).on("mouseout", mouseout);
    }
    svg.select(".label").remove();
    if (tokenizer.results.length < 200) {
      text = svg.selectAll(".label").data(tokenizer.results);
      return text.enter().append("text").attr("class", "label").text(function(d) {
        return d;
      }).attr("font-size", function(d, i) {
        if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
          return 20;
        } else {
          return Math.max(20 - tokenizer.results.length / 2, 10);
        }
      }).attr("fill", function(d, i) {
        if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
          return "#99f";
        } else {
          return "#ccc";
        }
      }).attr("transform", function(d, i) {
        return "translate(" + (3 + x(i * cellWidth) + 1) + ",30)rotate(-22.5)";
      });
    }
  };
  processData = function(rawData, doRandomize) {
    var data, newdata, values;
    if (doRandomize == null) {
      doRandomize = false;
    }
    newdata = [];
    headsState = {};
    offState = {};
    colorIndex = 0;
    min = options.ngramMin || 2;
    max = options.ngramMax || 100;
    if (doRandomize) {
      randomizeMutate();
    }
    tokenizer.clear();
    tokenizer.allgrams(min, max, rawData);
    values = options.onlyDuplicates ? tokenizer.getDuplicates() : tokenizer.getAllTokens();
    newdata.push(_(values).map(function(d) {
      return _(d.location).map(function(item) {
        return {
          key: d.key,
          length: d.length,
          count: d.location.length,
          start: item
        };
      });
    }));
    data = (function() {
      switch (options.sortAlgo) {
        case 1:
          return _(_.flatten(newdata)).sortBy(function(d) {
            return d.start;
          });
        case 2:
          return _(_.flatten(newdata)).sortBy(function(d) {
            return d.length;
          });
        case 3:
          return (_(_.flatten(newdata)).sortBy(function(d) {
            return d.length;
          })).reverse();
      }
    })();
    maxCount = _(data).max(function(d) {
      return d.count;
    });
    if (max = _(data).max(function(d) {
      return d.length;
    })) {
      cellWidth = Math.floor(width / (data.length || tokenizer.results.length));
      cellHeight = options.offset ? height / max.length : height / max.length / 4;
    } else {
      cellWidth = cellHeight = 1;
    }
    return data;
  };
  getHeight = function(d) {
    var mult, value, _ref1;
    _ref1 = options.heightByCount ? [d.count / maxCount.count + 1, 3] : [d.length, 1], value = _ref1[0], mult = _ref1[1];
    if (options.separateByType) {
      mult = .1;
    }
    return mult * cellHeight * (options.tails ? !options.offset ? (value - 1) * 2 : (value - 1) / 2 : !options.offset ? 2 : 1);
  };
  getOpacity = function(d) {
    switch (options.opacityAlgo) {
      case 2:
        return .2 + d3.min([.1, (max.length - (_.min([max.length, d.length + 2]))) / (max.length * 4)]);
      case 3:
        return d3.max([options.opacityFloor, options.opacityMax - options.opacityFactor * d.length / 10]);
      case 4:
        return .2 + (1 - Math.abs(options.ngramMax - options.ngramMin) / 10) / 2;
      default:
        return options.opacityAlgo;
    }
  };
  color = d3.scale.ordinal().domain(_(options.sample).map(function(d) {
    return d.key;
  })).range(["#FF0080", "#00FF80", "#8000FF"]);
  getFill = function(d) {
    var _name, _name1, _name2, _name3;
    switch (options.fillAlgo) {
      case 1:
        return colorState[_name = d.key] || (colorState[_name] = colorPalette[(++colorIndex) % 64]);
      case 2:
        return colorState[_name1 = d.key] || (colorState[_name1] = color(d.key));
      case 3:
        return colorState[_name2 = d.key] || (colorState[_name2] = d.length % 2 === 0 ? '#2BFF00' : '#FF00DB');
      default:
        return colorState[_name3 = d.key] || (colorState[_name3] = colorPalette[mutateIndex % colorPalette.length]);
    }
  };
  getYOffset = function(d) {
    var extra, key, mult, offset, side;
    offset = d.start % 2 === 1;
    key = d.key;
    extra = 0;
    if (options.separateByType) {
      if (options.offset) {
        stackOffset -= 2 * (d.length - 1);
        return stackOffset;
      } else {
        if (openState[d.key]) {
          return openState[d.key];
        } else {
          stackOffset -= 2 * (d.length - 1);
          return openState[d.key] = stackOffset;
        }
      }
    }
    if (headsState[key] === void 0) {
      headsState[key] = offset;
    }
    side = headsState[key] ? 1 : -1;
    if (options.offset) {
      if (options.heightByCount) {
        mult = options.yScale / 10;
        if (side === 1) {
          return (d.length - 2) * mult;
        } else {
          return (d.length - 1) * -mult;
        }
      }
      if (options.tails && options.yScale === options.heightScale) {
        if (side === 1) {
          return 0;
        } else {
          return (d.length - 1) * -2;
        }
      } else {
        if (side === 1) {
          return d.length * 2 - 4;
        } else {
          return (d.length - 1) * -2;
        }
      }
    } else {
      return d.length * (options.tails ? -1 : 1);
    }
  };
  window.automateMutate = automateMutate;
  automateMutate(2000);
  return window.chartrender(false, true);
 };
diff --git a/chroma.pack.min.js b/chroma.pack.min.js
 /**
    chroma.js - a neat JS lib for color conversions
    Copyright (C) 2011  Gregor Aisch

 	The JavaScript code in this page is free software: you can
    redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
    General Public License (GNU GPL) as published by the Free Software
    Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
    any later version.  The code is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
    without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
    FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU GPL for more details.

    As additional permission under GNU GPL version 3 section 7, you
    may distribute non-source (e.g., minimized or compacted) forms of
    that code without the copy of the GNU GPL normally required by
    section 4, provided you include this license notice and a URL
    through which recipients can access the Corresponding Source.  
    
    @source: https://github.com/gka/chroma.js
    
 **/
 /**
 	ColorBrewer colors for chroma.js:

 	Copyright (c) 2002 Cynthia Brewer, Mark Harrower, 
 	and The Pennsylvania State University.

 	Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
 	you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 	You may obtain a copy of the License at	
 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 	Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, 
 	software distributed under the License is distributed on an 
 	"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, 
 	either express or implied. See the License for the specific 
 	language governing permissions and limitations under the License.


 	Named colors are taken from X11 Color Names.
 	http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#svg-color
 **/// Generated by CoffeeScript 1.3.2
 /**
    chroma.js - a neat JS lib for color conversions
    Copyright (C) 2011  Gregor Aisch

 	The JavaScript code in this page is free software: you can
    redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
    General Public License (GNU GPL) as published by the Free Software
    Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
    any later version.  The code is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
    without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
    FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU GPL for more details.

    As additional permission under GNU GPL version 3 section 7, you
    may distribute non-source (e.g., minimized or compacted) forms of
    that code without the copy of the GNU GPL normally required by
    section 4, provided you include this license notice and a URL
    through which recipients can access the Corresponding Source.

    @source: https://github.com/gka/chroma.js
 */(function(){var a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q={}.hasOwnProperty,r=function(a,b){function d(){this.constructor=a}for(var c in b)q.call(b,c)&&(a[c]=b[c]);d.prototype=b.prototype,a.prototype=new d,a.__super__=b.prototype;return a};j=typeof exports!="undefined"&&exports!==null?exports:this,h=(l=j.chroma)!=null?l:j.chroma={},typeof module!="undefined"&&module!==null&&(module.exports=h),h.version="0.3.1",c=function(){function a(b,c,d,e){var f,g;f=this,b==null&&c==null&&d==null&&e==null&&(b=[255,0,255]),k(b)==="array"&&b.length===3&&(e==null&&(e=c),g=b,b=g[0],c=g[1],d=g[2]),k(b)==="string"?e="hex":e==null&&(e="rgb"),e==="rgb"?f.rgb=[b,c,d]:e==="hsl"?f.rgb=a.hsl2rgb(b,c,d):e==="hsv"?f.rgb=a.hsv2rgb(b,c,d):e==="hex"?f.rgb=a.hex2rgb(b):e==="lab"?f.rgb=a.lab2rgb(b,c,d):e==="hcl"?f.rgb=a.hcl2rgb(b,c,d):e==="hsi"&&(f.rgb=a.hsi2rgb(b,c,d))}a.prototype.hex=function(){return a.rgb2hex(this.rgb)},a.prototype.toString=function(){return this.hex()},a.prototype.hsl=function(){return a.rgb2hsl(this.rgb)},a.prototype.hsv=function(){return a.rgb2hsv(this.rgb)},a.prototype.lab=function(){return a.rgb2lab(this.rgb)},a.prototype.hcl=function(){return a.rgb2hcl(this.rgb)},a.prototype.hsi=function(){return a.rgb2hsi(this.rgb)},a.prototype.interpolate=function(b,c,d){var e,f,g,h,i,j,l,m,n,o,p,q,r;m=this,d==null&&(d="rgb"),k(c)==="string"&&(c=new a(c));if(d==="hsl"||d==="hsv"||d==="hcl"||d==="hsi"){d==="hsl"?(q=m.hsl(),r=c.hsl()):d==="hsv"?(q=m.hsv(),r=c.hsv()):d==="hcl"?(q=m.hcl(),r=c.hcl()):d==="hsi"&&(q=m.hsi(),r=c.hsi()),g=q[0],o=q[1],j=q[2],h=r[0],p=r[1],l=r[2];if(!isNaN(g)&&!isNaN(h))h>g&&h-g>180?e=h-(g+360):h<g&&g-h>180?e=h+360-g:e=h-g,f=g+b*e;else if(!isNaN(g)){f=g;if(l===1||l===0)n=o}else if(!isNaN(h)){f=h;if(j===1||j===0)n=p}else f=void 0;n==null&&(n=o+b*(p-o)),i=j+b*(l-j);return new a(f,n,i,d)}if(d==="rgb"){q=m.rgb,r=c.rgb;return new a(q[0]+b*(r[0]-q[0]),q[1]+b*(r[1]-q[1]),q[2]+b*(r[2]-q[2]),d)}if(d==="lab"){q=m.lab(),r=c.lab();return new 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2:q=[i,c,m],l=q[0],f=q[1],d=q[2];break;case 3:r=[i,j,c],l=r[0],f=r[1],d=r[2];break;case 4:s=[m,i,c],l=s[0],f=s[1],d=s[2];break;case 5:t=[c,i,j],l=t[0],f=t[1],d=t[2]}}l=Math.round(l),f=Math.round(f),d=Math.round(d);return[l,f,d]},c.rgb2hsv=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i,j;a!==void 0&&a.length===3&&(j=a,a=j[0],b=j[1],c=j[2]),g=Math.min(a,b,c),f=Math.max(a,b,c),d=f-g,i=f/255,h=d/f,h===0?(e=void 0,h=0):(a===f&&(e=(b-c)/d),b===f&&(e=2+(c-a)/d),c===f&&(e=4+(a-b)/d),e*=60,e<0&&(e+=360));return[e,h,i]},c.hsl2rgb=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n;a!==void 0&&a.length===3&&(m=a,a=m[0],b=m[1],c=m[2]);if(b===0)h=f=d=c*255;else{k=[0,0,0],e=[0,0,0],j=c<.5?c*(1+b):c+b-c*b,i=2*c-j,a/=360,k[0]=a+1/3,k[1]=a,k[2]=a-1/3;for(g=l=0;l<=2;g=++l)k[g]<0&&(k[g]+=1),k[g]>1&&(k[g]-=1),6*k[g]<1?e[g]=i+(j-i)*6*k[g]:2*k[g]<1?e[g]=j:3*k[g]<2?e[g]=i+(j-i)*(2/3-k[g])*6:e[g]=i;n=[Math.round(e[0]*255),Math.round(e[1]*255),Math.round(e[2]*255)],h=n[0],f=n[1],d=n[2]}return[h,f,d]},c.rgb2hsl=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i;a!==void 0&&a.length===3&&(i=a,a=i[0],b=i[1],c=i[2]),a/=255,b/=255,c/=255,g=Math.min(a,b,c),f=Math.max(a,b,c),e=(f+g)/2,f===g?(h=0,d=void 0):h=e<.5?(f-g)/(f+g):(f-g)/(2-f-g),a===f?d=(b-c)/(f-g):b===f?d=2+(c-a)/(f-g):c===f&&(d=4+(a-b)/(f-g)),d*=60,d<0&&(d+=360);return[d,h,e]},c.lab2xyz=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i,j;k(a)==="array"&&a.length===3&&(j=a,a=j[0],b=j[1],c=j[2]),d=function(a){return a>6/29?a*a*a:3*(6/29)*(6/29)*(a-4/29)},f=(a+.16)/1.16,e=[.96421,1,.82519],h=e[1]*d(f),g=e[0]*d(f+b/5),i=e[2]*d(f-c/2);return[g,h,i]},c.xyz2rgb=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i,j,l,m,n;k(a)==="array"&&a.length===3&&(m=a,a=m[0],b=m[1],c=m[2]),l=3.2406*a-1.5372*b-.4986*c,i=-0.9689*a+1.8758*b+.0415*c,e=.0557*a-.204*b+1.057*c,f=Math.min(l,i,e)<-0.001||Math.max(l,i,e)>1.001,f&&(l=l<0?0:l>1?1:l,i=i<0?0:i>1?1:i,e=e<0?0:e>1?1:e),f&&(n=[void 0,void 0,void 0],l=n[0],i=n[1],e=n[2]),g=function(a){var b;b=.055;return a<=.0031308?12.92*a:(1+b)*Math.pow(a,1/2.4)-b},j=Math.round(255*g(l)),h=Math.round(255*g(i)),d=Math.round(255*g(e));return[j,h,d]},c.lab2rgb=function(a,b,d){var e,f,g,h,i,j;a!==void 0&&a.length===3&&(h=a,a=h[0],b=h[1],d=h[2]),a!==void 0&&a.length===3&&(i=a,a=i[0],b=i[1],d=i[2]),j=c.lab2xyz(a,b,d),e=j[0],f=j[1],g=j[2];return c.xyz2rgb(e,f,g)},c.hcl2lab=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i,j;k(a)==="array"&&a.length===3&&(j=a,a=j[0],b=j[1],c=j[2]),a/=360,e=6.283185307179586,d=c*.61+.09,g=e/6-a*e,i=(c*.311+.125)*b,f=Math.sin(g)*i,h=Math.cos(g)*i;return[d,f,h]},c.hcl2rgb=function(a,b,d){var e,f,g,h;h=c.hcl2lab(a,b,d),e=h[0],f=h[1],g=h[2];return c.lab2rgb(e,f,g)},c.rgb2xyz=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k;a!==void 0&&a.length===3&&(k=a,a=k[0],b=k[1],c=k[2]),e=function(a){var b;b=.055;return a<=.04045?a/12.92:Math.pow((a+b)/(1+b),2.4)},g=e(a/255),f=e(b/255),d=e(c/255),h=.4124*g+.3576*f+.1805*d,i=.2126*g+.7152*f+.0722*d,j=.0193*g+.1192*f+.9505*d;return[h,i,j]},c.xyz2lab=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i;a!==void 0&&a.length===3&&(i=a,a=i[0],b=i[1],c=i[2]),g=[.96421,1,.82519],f=function(a){return a>Math.pow(6/29,3)?Math.pow(a,1/3):7.787037037037035*a+4/29},h=1.16*f(b/g[1])-.16,d=5*(f(a/g[0])-f(b/g[1])),e=2*(f(b/g[1])-f(c/g[2]));return[h,d,e]},c.rgb2lab=function(a,b,d){var e,f,g,h,i;a!==void 0&&a.length===3&&(h=a,a=h[0],b=h[1],d=h[2]),i=c.rgb2xyz(a,b,d),e=i[0],f=i[1],g=i[2];return c.xyz2lab(e,f,g)},c.lab2hcl=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i,j;k(a)==="array"&&a.length===3&&(j=a,a=j[0],b=j[1],c=j[2]),d=a,a=(a-.09)/.61,h=Math.sqrt(b*b+c*c),i=h/(a*.311+.125),e=6.283185307179586,f=Math.atan2(b,c),g=(e/6-f)/e,g*=360,g<0&&(g+=360);return[g,i,a]},c.rgb2hcl=function(a,b,d){var e,f,g,h;k(a)==="array"&&a.length===3&&(g=a,a=g[0],b=g[1],d=g[2]),h=c.rgb2lab(a,b,d),f=h[0],e=h[1],d=h[2];return c.lab2hcl(f,e,d)},c.rgb2hsi=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i;k(a)==="array"&&a.length===3&&(i=a,a=i[0],b=i[1],c=i[2]),d=Math.PI*2,a/=255,b/=255,c/=255,g=Math.min(a,b,c),f=(a+b+c)/3,h=1-g/f,h===0?e=0:(e=(a-b+(a-c))/2,e/=Math.sqrt((a-b)*(a-b)+(a-c)*(b-c)),e=Math.acos(e),c>b&&(e=d-e),e/=d);return[e*360,h,f]},c.hsi2rgb=function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i,j;k(a)==="array"&&a.length===3&&(j=a,a=j[0],b=j[1],c=j[2]),e=Math.PI*2,d=Math.PI/3,g=Math.cos,a<0&&(a+=360),a>360&&(a-=360),a/=360,a<1/3?(f=(1-b)/3,i=(1+b*g(e*a)/g(d-e*a))/3,h=1-(f+i)):a<2/3?(a-=1/3,i=(1-b)/3,h=(1+b*g(e*a)/g(d-e*a))/3,f=1-(i+h)):(a-=2/3,h=(1-b)/3,f=(1+b*g(e*a)/g(d-e*a))/3,i=1-(h+f)),i=c*i*3,h=c*h*3,f=c*f*3;return[i*255,h*255,f*255]},h.Color=c,h.hsl=function(a,b,d){return new c(a,b,d,"hsl")},h.hsv=function(a,b,d){return new c(a,b,d,"hsv")},h.rgb=function(a,b,d){return new c(a,b,d,"rgb")},h.hex=function(a){return new c(a)},h.lab=function(a,b,d){return new c(a,b,d,"lab")},h.hcl=function(a,b,d){return new c(a,b,d,"hcl")},h.hsi=function(a,b,d){return new c(a,b,d,"hsi")},h.interpolate=function(a,b,d,e){if(a==null||b==null)return"#000";k(a)==="string"&&(a=new c(a)),k(b)==="string"&&(b=new c(b));return a.interpolate(d,b,e)},d=function(){function a(a){var b,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,l,m,n,o;f=this,f.colors=e=(i=a.colors)!=null?i:["#ddd","#222"];for(b=g=0,j=e.length-1;0<=j?g<=j:g>=j;b=0<=j?++g:--g)d=e[b],k(d)==="string"&&(e[b]=new c(d));if(a.positions!=null)f.pos=a.positions;else{f.pos=[];for(b=h=0,l=e.length-1;0<=l?h<=l:h>=l;b=0<=l?++h:--h)f.pos.push(b/(e.length-1))}f.mode=(m=a.mode)!=null?m:"hsv",f.nacol=(n=a.nacol)!=null?n:"#ccc",f.setClasses((o=a.limits)!=null?o:[0,1]),f}a.prototype.getColor=function(a){var b,c,d,e;e=this;if(isNaN(a))return e.nacol;e.classLimits.length>2?(b=e.getClass(a),c=b/(e.numClasses-1)):(c=d=(a-e.min)/(e.max-e.min),c=Math.min(1,Math.max(0,c)));return e.fColor(c)},a.prototype.fColor=function(a){var b,c,d,e,f,g,i;e=this,c=e.colors;for(d=g=0,i=e.pos.length-1;0<=i?g<=i:g>=i;d=0<=i?++g:--g){f=e.pos[d];if(a<=f){b=c[d];break}if(a>=f&&d===e.pos.length-1){b=c[d];break}if(a>f&&a<e.pos[d+1]){a=(a-f)/(e.pos[d+1]-f),b=h.interpolate(c[d],c[d+1],a,e.mode);break}}return b},a.prototype.classifyValue=function(a){var b,c,d,e,f,g;g=this,c=g.classLimits,c.length>2&&(f=c.length-1,b=g.getClass(a),a=c[b]+(c[b+1]-c[b])*.5,e=c[0],d=c[f-1],a=g.min+(a-e)/(d-e)*(g.max-g.min));return a},a.prototype.setClasses=function(a){var b;a==null&&(a=[]),b=this,b.classLimits=b.limits=a,b.min=a[0],b.max=a[a.length-1];return a.length===2?b.numClasses=0:b.numClasses=a.length-1},a.prototype.getClass=function(a){var b,c,d,e;e=this,c=e.classLimits;if(c!=null){d=c.length-1,b=0;while(b<d&&a>=c[b])b++;return b-1}return void 0},a.prototype.validValue=function(a){return!isNaN(a)};return a}(),h.ColorScale=d,f=function(a){function b(a,c,d){a==null&&(a="#fe0000"),c==null&&(c="#feeeee"),d==null&&(d="hsl"),b.__super__.constructor.call(this,[a,c],[0,1],d)}r(b,a);return b}(d),h.Ramp=f,e=function(a){function b(a,c,d,e,f){var g;a==null&&(a="#d73027"),c==null&&(c="#ffffbf"),d==null&&(d="#1E6189"),e==null&&(e="mean"),f==null&&(f="hsl"),g=this,g.mode=f,g.center=e,b.__super__.constructor.call(this,[a,c,d],[0,.5,1],f)}r(b,a),b.prototype.parseData=function(a,c){var d,e;b.__super__.parseData.call(this,a,c),e=this,d=e.center,d==="median"?d=e.median:d==="mean"&&(d=e.mean);return e.pos[1]=(d-e.min)/(e.max-e.min)};return b}(d),h.Diverging=e,b=function(a){function b(a){var b;b=this,b.colors=a}r(b,a),b.prototype.parseData=function(a,b){},b.prototype.getColor=function(a){var b;b=this;return b.colors.hasOwnProperty(a)?b.colors[a]:"#cccccc"},b.prototype.validValue=function(a){return this.colors.hasOwnProperty(a)};return b}(d),h.Categories=b,a=function(a){function b(a){var b;b=this,b.name=a,b.setClasses(7),b}r(b,a),b.prototype.getColor=function(a){var b,c;c=this,b=c.getClass(a);return c.name+" l"+c.numClasses+" c"+b};return b}(d),h.CSSColors=a,(m=h.scales)==null&&(h.scales={}),h.scales.cool=function(){return new f(h.hsl(180,1,.9),h.hsl(250,.7,.4))},h.scales.hot=function(){return new d({colors:["#000000","#ff0000","#ffff00","#ffffff"],positions:[0,.25,.75,1],mode:"rgb"})},h.scales.BlWhOr=function(){return new e(h.hsl(30,1,.55),"#ffffff",new c(220,1,.55))},h.scales.GrWhPu=function(){return new e(h.hsl(120,.8,.4),"#ffffff",new c(280,.8,.4))},h.limits=function(a,b,c,d,e){var f,g,h,i,j,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z,A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z,$,_,ba,bb,bc,bd,be,bf,bg,bh,bi,bj,bk,bl,bm;b==null&&(b="equal"),c==null&&(c=7),d==null&&(d=null),e==null&&(e=null),s=Number.MAX_VALUE,r=Number.MAX_VALUE*-1,C=0,G=[],e==null&&(e=function(){return!0});if(k(a)==="array")if(k(a[0])!=="object"&&k(a[0])!=="array")for(H=0,L=a.length;H<L;H++)E=a[H],isNaN(E&&e(E))||G.push(Number(E));else for(I=0,M=a.length;I<M;I++)B=a[I],e(B)&&G.push(Number(B[d]));else if(k(a)==="object")for(o in a)E=a[o],k(E)==="object"&&k(d)==="string"?isNaN(E[d]&&e(E))||G.push(Number(E[d])):k(E)==="array"&&k(d)==="number"?isNaN(E[d]&&e(E))||G.push(Number(E[d])):k(E)==="number"&&(isNaN(E&&e(E))||G.push(Number(E)));for(J=0,N=G.length;J<N;J++){E=G[J];if(!isNaN(E))E<s&&(s=E),E>r&&(r=E),C+=E;else continue}G=G.sort(function(a,b){return 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diff --git a/chroma.palette-gen.min.js b/chroma.palette-gen.min.js
 /**
      chroma.palette-gen.js - a palette generator for data scientists
      based on Chroma.js HCL color space
      Copyright (C) 2012  Mathieu Jacomy
  
  	  The JavaScript code in this page is free software: you can
      redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
      General Public License (GNU GPL) as published by the Free Software
      Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
      any later version.  The code is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
      without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
      FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU GPL for more details.
  
      As additional permission under GNU GPL version 3 section 7, you
      may distribute non-source (e.g., minimized or compacted) forms of
      that code without the copy of the GNU GPL normally required by
      section 4, provided you include this license notice and a URL
      through which recipients can access the Corresponding Source.  
  */
 
 // v0.1
 var paletteGenerator={generate:function(e,t,n,r){if(e===undefined)e=8;if(t===undefined)t=function(e){return true};if(n===undefined)n=false;if(r===undefined)r=50;if(n){var s=[];function o(e){var n=chroma.lab(e[0],e[1],e[2]);return!isNaN(n.rgb[0])&&n.rgb[0]>=0&&n.rgb[1]>=0&&n.rgb[2]>=0&&n.rgb[0]<256&&n.rgb[1]<256&&n.rgb[2]<256&&t(n)}var u={};for(i=0;i<e;i++){var f=[Math.random(),2*Math.random()-1,2*Math.random()-1];while(!o(f)){f=[Math.random(),2*Math.random()-1,2*Math.random()-1]}s.push(f)}var c=.2;var h=.05;var p=r*20;while(p-->0){for(i=0;i<s.length;i++){u[i]={dl:0,da:0,db:0}}for(i=0;i<s.length;i++){var d=s[i];for(j=0;j<i;j++){var v=s[j];var m=d[0]-v[0];var g=d[1]-v[1];var y=d[2]-v[2];var w=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(m,2)+Math.pow(g,2)+Math.pow(y,2));if(w>0){var E=c/Math.pow(w,2);u[i].dl+=m*E/w;u[i].da+=g*E/w;u[i].db+=y*E/w;u[j].dl-=m*E/w;u[j].da-=g*E/w;u[j].db-=y*E/w}else{u[j].dl+=.02-.04*Math.random();u[j].da+=.02-.04*Math.random();u[j].db+=.02-.04*Math.random()}}}for(i=0;i<s.length;i++){var f=s[i];var S=h*Math.sqrt(Math.pow(u[i].dl,2)+Math.pow(u[i].da,2)+Math.pow(u[i].db,2));if(S>0){var x=h*Math.min(.1,S)/S;candidateLab=[f[0]+u[i].dl*x,f[1]+u[i].da*x,f[2]+u[i].db*x];if(o(candidateLab)){s[i]=candidateLab}}}}return s.map(function(e){return chroma.lab(e[0],e[1],e[2])})}else{function T(e){var n=e.lab();var r=e.hcl();return!isNaN(e.rgb[0])&&e.rgb[0]>=0&&e.rgb[1]>=0&&e.rgb[2]>=0&&e.rgb[0]<256&&e.rgb[1]<256&&e.rgb[2]<256&&t(e)}var N=[];for(i=0;i<e;i++){var C=[Math.random(),2*Math.random()-1,2*Math.random()-1];while(!T(chroma.lab(C))){C=[Math.random(),2*Math.random()-1,2*Math.random()-1]}N.push(C)}var k=[];var L=[];for(l=0;l<=1;l+=.05){for(a=-1;a<=1;a+=.1){for(b=-1;b<=1;b+=.1){if(T(chroma.lab(l,a,b))){k.push([l,a,b]);L.push(null)}}}}var p=r;while(p-->0){for(i=0;i<k.length;i++){var C=k[i];var A=1e6;for(j=0;j<N.length;j++){var O=N[j];var M=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(C[0]-O[0],2)+Math.pow(C[1]-O[1],2)+Math.pow(C[2]-O[2],2));if(M<A){A=M;L[i]=j}}}var _=k.slice(0);for(j=0;j<N.length;j++){var D=0;var P=[0,0,0];for(i=0;i<k.length;i++){if(L[i]==j){D++;P[0]+=k[i][0];P[1]+=k[i][1];P[2]+=k[i][2]}}if(D!=0){P[0]/=D;P[1]/=D;P[2]/=D}if(D!=0&&T(chroma.lab(P[0],P[1],P[2]))&&P){N[j]=P}else{if(_.length>0){var A=1e10;var H=-1;for(i=0;i<_.length;i++){var M=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(_[i][0]-P[0],2)+Math.pow(_[i][1]-P[1],2)+Math.pow(_[i][2]-P[2],2));if(M<A){A=M;H=i}}N[j]=k[H]}else{var A=1e10;var H=-1;for(i=0;i<k.length;i++){var M=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(k[i][0]-P[0],2)+Math.pow(k[i][1]-P[1],2)+Math.pow(k[i][2]-P[2],2));if(M<A){A=M;H=i}}N[j]=k[H]}}_=_.filter(function(e){return e[0]!=N[j][0]||e[1]!=N[j][1]||e[2]!=N[j][2]})}}return N.map(function(e){return chroma.lab(e[0],e[1],e[2])})}},diffSort:function(e){var t=[e.shift()];while(e.length>0){var n=-1;var r=-1;for(candidate_index=0;candidate_index<e.length;candidate_index++){var s=1e9;for(i=0;i<t.length;i++){var o=e[candidate_index].lab();var u=t[i].lab();var a=o[0]-u[0];var f=o[1]-u[1];var l=o[2]-u[2];s=Math.min(s,Math.sqrt(Math.pow(a,2)+Math.pow(f,2)+Math.pow(l,2)))}if(s>r){r=s;n=candidate_index}}var c=e[n];t.push(c);e=e.filter(function(e,t){return t!=n})}return t}}
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diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
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            <div class='controls'><div>
              <i>Mutation generates progressively-altered variations, one every two seconds:</i>
              </div><br>
              <span id='mutation' onclick='onMutation()'>Turn mutation <b>on</b></span><p>&nbsp;</p>
            <!-- <div > <i>Reload the page to regenerate the palette.</i> </div> -->
            </div>
        </td>
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               Displaying n-grams between <span data-var="ngramMin" class="TKAdjustableNumber" data-min="2" data-max="10"> words</span> and <span data-var="ngramMax" class="TKAdjustableNumber" data-min="2" data-max="10"> words</span>, using the 
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               <span data-var="isOpened"         class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>closed</span><span>opened</span></span>
               and <span data-var="isStacked"    class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>stacked</span><span>not stacked</span></span>, and use the color palette from
               <span data-var="paletteType"     class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>d3</span><span>chroma</span></span> named
               '<span data-var="whichPalette"    class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>pimp</span><span>pastel</span></span>' (chroma only).
               Press <b>mutate</b> for even more combinations, or <b>enter your own text</b> to visualize below:
               <textarea id="content1"></textarea>
            </div>
        </td>
    </tr>
    </table>

    <textarea id="content"></textarea>

 </body>
 </html>

diff --git a/natural.coffee b/natural.coffee
 # Super-simple un-optimized ngram finder.
 # Inspired by natural.js NLP by Rob Ellis and Chris Umbel. (http://css.dzone.com/articles/using-natural-nlp-module)

 class Tokenizer
    constructor:                     -> [@results, @cache, @words] = [{}, {}, {}]
    clear:                           -> [@results, @cache, @words] = [{}, {}, {}]
    tokenize:                    (s) -> 
                                        [breakRE, punctRE] = [/[\s\n\r.,?!&()]+/, /[,?!@#$%^&*()]/]
                                        @results = _(_(s.split breakRE).without '', ' ').map (w) -> w.replace(punctRE, '').toLowerCase()
                                        @results
    getDuplicates:                   -> c = (_(@cache).filter (result) -> result.location.length > 1); c or []
    getAllTokens:                    -> @cache
    allgrams:   (min, max, sequence) -> for n in [min..max] then @ngrams n, sequence
    trigrams:             (sequence) -> @ngrams 3, sequence
    bigrams:              (sequence) -> @ngrams 2, sequence
    ngrams:            (n, sequence) ->
        sequence = @tokenize sequence unless _(sequence).isArray()
        _([0..._.max([0, sequence.length-n+1])]) .map (i) => 
            seq = sequence[i...i+n]
            key = "#{n}/#{seq.join '/'}"
            # @words[]
            (@cache[key] or= location:[], key:key, length:n).location.push i
            seq
diff --git a/natural.js b/natural.js
 // Generated by CoffeeScript 1.7.1
 var Tokenizer;

 Tokenizer = (function() {
  function Tokenizer() {
    var _ref;
    _ref = [{}, {}, {}], this.results = _ref[0], this.cache = _ref[1], this.words = _ref[2];
  }

  Tokenizer.prototype.clear = function() {
    var _ref;
    return _ref = [{}, {}, {}], this.results = _ref[0], this.cache = _ref[1], this.words = _ref[2], _ref;
  };

  Tokenizer.prototype.tokenize = function(s) {
    var breakRE, punctRE, _ref;
    _ref = [/[\s\n\r.,?!&()]+/, /[,?!@#$%^&*()]/], breakRE = _ref[0], punctRE = _ref[1];
    this.results = _(_(s.split(breakRE)).without('', ' ')).map(function(w) {
      return w.replace(punctRE, '').toLowerCase();
    });
    return this.results;
  };

  Tokenizer.prototype.getDuplicates = function() {
    var c;
    c = _(this.cache).filter(function(result) {
      return result.location.length > 1;
    });
    return c || [];
  };

  Tokenizer.prototype.getAllTokens = function() {
    return this.cache;
  };

  Tokenizer.prototype.allgrams = function(min, max, sequence) {
    var n, _i, _results;
    _results = [];
    for (n = _i = min; min <= max ? _i <= max : _i >= max; n = min <= max ? ++_i : --_i) {
      _results.push(this.ngrams(n, sequence));
    }
    return _results;
  };

  Tokenizer.prototype.trigrams = function(sequence) {
    return this.ngrams(3, sequence);
  };

  Tokenizer.prototype.bigrams = function(sequence) {
    return this.ngrams(2, sequence);
  };

  Tokenizer.prototype.ngrams = function(n, sequence) {
    var _i, _ref, _results;
    if (!_(sequence).isArray()) {
      sequence = this.tokenize(sequence);
    }
    return _((function() {
      _results = [];
      for (var _i = 0, _ref = _.max([0, sequence.length - n + 1]); 0 <= _ref ? _i < _ref : _i > _ref; 0 <= _ref ? _i++ : _i--){ _results.push(_i); }
      return _results;
    }).apply(this)).map((function(_this) {
      return function(i) {
        var key, seq, _base;
        seq = sequence.slice(i, i + n);
        key = "" + n + "/" + (seq.join('/'));
        ((_base = _this.cache)[key] || (_base[key] = {
          location: [],
          key: key,
          length: n
        })).location.push(i);
        return seq;
      };
    })(this));
  };

  return Tokenizer;

 })();
diff --git a/tanglekitfull.js b/tanglekitfull.js
 //
 //  Tangle.js
 //  Tangle 0.1.0
 //
 //  Created by Bret Victor on 5/2/10.
 //  (c) 2011 Bret Victor.  MIT open-source license.
 //
 //  ------ model ------
 //
 //  var tangle = new Tangle(rootElement, model);
 //  tangle.setModel(model);
 //
 //  ------ variables ------
 //
 //  var value = tangle.getValue(variableName);
 //  tangle.setValue(variableName, value);
 //  tangle.setValues({ variableName:value, variableName:value });
 //
 //  ------ UI components ------
 //
 //  Tangle.classes.myClass = {
 //     initialize: function (element, options, tangle, variable) { ... },
 //     update: function (element, value) { ... }
 //  };
 //  Tangle.formats.myFormat = function (value) { return "..."; };
 //

 var Tangle = this.Tangle = function (rootElement, modelClass) {

    var tangle = this;
    tangle.element = rootElement;
    tangle.setModel = setModel;
    tangle.getValue = getValue;
    tangle.setValue = setValue;
    tangle.setValues = setValues;

    var _model;
    var _nextSetterID = 0;
    var _setterInfosByVariableName = {};   //  { varName: { setterID:7, setter:function (v) { } }, ... }
    var _varargConstructorsByArgCount = [];


    //----------------------------------------------------------
    //
    // construct

    initializeElements();
    setModel(modelClass);
    return tangle;


    //----------------------------------------------------------
    //
    // elements

    function initializeElements() {
        var elements = rootElement.getElementsByTagName("*");
        var interestingElements = [];
        
        // build a list of elements with class or data-var attributes
        
        for (var i = 0, length = elements.length; i < length; i++) {
            var element = elements[i];
            if (element.getAttribute("class") || element.getAttribute("data-var")) {
                interestingElements.push(element);
            }
        }

        // initialize interesting elements in this list.  (Can't traverse "elements"
        // directly, because elements is "live", and views that change the node tree
        // will change elements mid-traversal.)
        
        for (var i = 0, length = interestingElements.length; i < length; i++) {
            var element = interestingElements[i];
            
            var varNames = null;
            var varAttribute = element.getAttribute("data-var");
            if (varAttribute) { varNames = varAttribute.split(" "); }

            var views = null;
            var classAttribute = element.getAttribute("class");
            if (classAttribute) {
                var classNames = classAttribute.split(" ");
                views = getViewsForElement(element, classNames, varNames);
            }
            
            if (!varNames) { continue; }
            
            var didAddSetter = false;
            if (views) {
                for (var j = 0; j < views.length; j++) {
                    if (!views[j].update) { continue; }
                    addViewSettersForElement(element, varNames, views[j]);
                    didAddSetter = true;
                }
            }
            
            if (!didAddSetter) {
                var formatAttribute = element.getAttribute("data-format");
                var formatter = getFormatterForFormat(formatAttribute, varNames);
                addFormatSettersForElement(element, varNames, formatter);
            }
        }
    }
            
    function getViewsForElement(element, classNames, varNames) {   // initialize classes
        var views = null;
        
        for (var i = 0, length = classNames.length; i < length; i++) {
            var clas = Tangle.classes[classNames[i]];
            if (!clas) { continue; }
            
            var options = getOptionsForElement(element);
            var args = [ element, options, tangle ];
            if (varNames) { args = args.concat(varNames); }
            
            var view = constructClass(clas, args);
            
            if (!views) { views = []; }
            views.push(view);
        }
        
        return views;
    }
    
    function getOptionsForElement(element) {   // might use dataset someday
        var options = {};

        var attributes = element.attributes;
        var regexp = /^data-[\w\-]+$/;

        for (var i = 0, length = attributes.length; i < length; i++) {
            var attr = attributes[i];
            var attrName = attr.name;
            if (!attrName || !regexp.test(attrName)) { continue; }
            
            options[attrName.substr(5)] = attr.value;
        }
         
        return options;   
    }
    
    function constructClass(clas, args) {
        if (typeof clas !== "function") {  // class is prototype object
            var View = function () { };
            View.prototype = clas;
            var view = new View();
            if (view.initialize) { view.initialize.apply(view,args); }
            return view;
        }
        else {  // class is constructor function, which we need to "new" with varargs (but no built-in way to do so)
            var ctor = _varargConstructorsByArgCount[args.length];
            if (!ctor) {
                var ctorArgs = [];
                for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { ctorArgs.push("args[" + i + "]"); }
                var ctorString = "(function (clas,args) { return new clas(" + ctorArgs.join(",") + "); })";
                ctor = eval(ctorString);   // nasty
                _varargConstructorsByArgCount[args.length] = ctor;   // but cached
            }
            return ctor(clas,args);
        }
    }
    

    //----------------------------------------------------------
    //
    // formatters

    function getFormatterForFormat(formatAttribute, varNames) {
        if (!formatAttribute) { formatAttribute = "default"; }

        var formatter = getFormatterForCustomFormat(formatAttribute, varNames);
        if (!formatter) { formatter = getFormatterForSprintfFormat(formatAttribute, varNames); }
        if (!formatter) { log("Tangle: unknown format: " + formatAttribute); formatter = getFormatterForFormat(null,varNames); }

        return formatter;
    }
        
    function getFormatterForCustomFormat(formatAttribute, varNames) {
        var components = formatAttribute.split(" ");
        var formatName = components[0];
        if (!formatName) { return null; }
        
        var format = Tangle.formats[formatName];
        if (!format) { return null; }
        
        var formatter;
        var params = components.slice(1);
        
        if (varNames.length <= 1 && params.length === 0) {  // one variable, no params
            formatter = format;
        }
        else if (varNames.length <= 1) {  // one variable with params
            formatter = function (value) {
                var args = [ value ].concat(params);
                return format.apply(null, args);
            };
        }
        else {  // multiple variables
            formatter = function () {
                var values = getValuesForVariables(varNames);
                var args = values.concat(params);
                return format.apply(null, args);
            };
        }
        return formatter;
    }
    
    function getFormatterForSprintfFormat(formatAttribute, varNames) {
        if (!sprintf || !formatAttribute.test(/\%/)) { return null; }

        var formatter;
        if (varNames.length <= 1) {  // one variable
            formatter = function (value) {
                return sprintf(formatAttribute, value);
            };
        }
        else {
            formatter = function (value) {  // multiple variables
                var values = getValuesForVariables(varNames);
                var args = [ formatAttribute ].concat(values);
                return sprintf.apply(null, args);
            };
        }
        return formatter;
    }

    
    //----------------------------------------------------------
    //
    // setters
    
    function addViewSettersForElement(element, varNames, view) {   // element has a class with an update method
        var setter;
        if (varNames.length <= 1) {
            setter = function (value) { view.update(element, value); };
        }
        else {
            setter = function () {
                var values = getValuesForVariables(varNames);
                var args = [ element ].concat(values);
                view.update.apply(view,args);
            };
        }

        addSetterForVariables(setter, varNames);
    }

    function addFormatSettersForElement(element, varNames, formatter) {  // tangle is injecting a formatted value itself
        var span = null;
        var setter = function (value) {
            if (!span) { 
                span = document.createElement("span");
                element.insertBefore(span, element.firstChild);
            }
            span.innerHTML = formatter(value);
        };

        addSetterForVariables(setter, varNames);
    }
    
    function addSetterForVariables(setter, varNames) {
        var setterInfo = { setterID:_nextSetterID, setter:setter };
        _nextSetterID++;

        for (var i = 0; i < varNames.length; i++) {
            var varName = varNames[i];
            if (!_setterInfosByVariableName[varName]) { _setterInfosByVariableName[varName] = []; }
            _setterInfosByVariableName[varName].push(setterInfo);
        }
    }

    function applySettersForVariables(varNames) {
        var appliedSetterIDs = {};  // remember setterIDs that we've applied, so we don't call setters twice
    
        for (var i = 0, ilength = varNames.length; i < ilength; i++) {
            var varName = varNames[i];
            var setterInfos = _setterInfosByVariableName[varName];
            if (!setterInfos) { continue; }
            
            var value = _model[varName];
            
            for (var j = 0, jlength = setterInfos.length; j < jlength; j++) {
                var setterInfo = setterInfos[j];
                if (setterInfo.setterID in appliedSetterIDs) { continue; }  // if we've already applied this setter, move on
                appliedSetterIDs[setterInfo.setterID] = true;
                
                setterInfo.setter(value);
            }
        }
    }
    

    //----------------------------------------------------------
    //
    // variables

    function getValue(varName) {
        var value = _model[varName];
        if (value === undefined) { log("Tangle: unknown variable: " + varName);  return 0; }
        return value;
    }

    function setValue(varName, value) {
        var obj = {};
        obj[varName] = value;
        setValues(obj);
    }

    function setValues(obj) {
        var changedVarNames = [];

        for (var varName in obj) {
            var value = obj[varName];
            var oldValue = _model[varName];
            if (oldValue === undefined) { log("Tangle: setting unknown variable: " + varName);  continue; }
            if (oldValue === value) { continue; }  // don't update if new value is the same

            _model[varName] = value;
            changedVarNames.push(varName);
        }
        
        if (changedVarNames.length) {
            applySettersForVariables(changedVarNames);
            updateModel();
        }
    }
    
    function getValuesForVariables(varNames) {
        var values = [];
        for (var i = 0, length = varNames.length; i < length; i++) {
            values.push(getValue(varNames[i]));
        }
        return values;
    }

                    
    //----------------------------------------------------------
    //
    // model

    function setModel(modelClass) {
        var ModelClass = function () { };
        ModelClass.prototype = modelClass;
        _model = new ModelClass;

        updateModel(true);  // initialize and update
    }
    
    function updateModel(shouldInitialize) {
        var ShadowModel = function () {};  // make a shadow object, so we can see exactly which properties changed
        ShadowModel.prototype = _model;
        var shadowModel = new ShadowModel;
        
        if (shouldInitialize) { shadowModel.initialize(); }
        shadowModel.update();
        
        var changedVarNames = [];
        for (var varName in shadowModel) {
            if (!shadowModel.hasOwnProperty(varName)) { continue; }
            if (_model[varName] === shadowModel[varName]) { continue; }
            
            _model[varName] = shadowModel[varName];
            changedVarNames.push(varName);
        }
        
        applySettersForVariables(changedVarNames);
    }


    //----------------------------------------------------------
    //
    // debug

    function log (msg) {
        if (window.console) { window.console.log(msg); }
    }

 };  // end of Tangle


 //----------------------------------------------------------
 //
 // components

 Tangle.classes = {};
 Tangle.formats = {};

 Tangle.formats["default"] = function (value) { return "" + value; };

 /**
 sprintf() for JavaScript 0.7-beta1
 http://www.diveintojavascript.com/projects/javascript-sprintf

 Copyright (c) Alexandru Marasteanu <alexaholic [at) gmail (dot] com>
 All rights reserved.

 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
    * Neither the name of sprintf() for JavaScript nor the
      names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
      derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

 THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
 ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Alexandru Marasteanu BE LIABLE FOR ANY
 DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
 ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.


 Changelog:
 2010.09.06 - 0.7-beta1
  - features: vsprintf, support for named placeholders
  - enhancements: format cache, reduced global namespace pollution

 2010.05.22 - 0.6:
 - reverted to 0.4 and fixed the bug regarding the sign of the number 0
 Note:
 Thanks to Raphael Pigulla <raph (at] n3rd [dot) org> (http://www.n3rd.org/)
 who warned me about a bug in 0.5, I discovered that the last update was
 a regress. I appologize for that.

 2010.05.09 - 0.5:
 - bug fix: 0 is now preceeded with a + sign
 - bug fix: the sign was not at the right position on padded results (Kamal Abdali)
 - switched from GPL to BSD license

 2007.10.21 - 0.4:
 - unit test and patch (David Baird)

 2007.09.17 - 0.3:
 - bug fix: no longer throws exception on empty paramenters (Hans Pufal)

 2007.09.11 - 0.2:
 - feature: added argument swapping

 2007.04.03 - 0.1:
 - initial release
 **/

 var sprintf = (function() {
 	function get_type(variable) {
 		return Object.prototype.toString.call(variable).slice(8, -1).toLowerCase();
 	}
 	function str_repeat(input, multiplier) {
 		for (var output = []; multiplier > 0; output[--multiplier] = input) {/* do nothing */}
 		return output.join('');
 	}

 	var str_format = function() {
 		if (!str_format.cache.hasOwnProperty(arguments[0])) {
 			str_format.cache[arguments[0]] = str_format.parse(arguments[0]);
 		}
 		return str_format.format.call(null, str_format.cache[arguments[0]], arguments);
 	};

 	str_format.format = function(parse_tree, argv) {
 		var cursor = 1, tree_length = parse_tree.length, node_type = '', arg, output = [], i, k, match, pad, pad_character, pad_length;
 		for (i = 0; i < tree_length; i++) {
 			node_type = get_type(parse_tree[i]);
 			if (node_type === 'string') {
 				output.push(parse_tree[i]);
 			}
 			else if (node_type === 'array') {
 				match = parse_tree[i]; // convenience purposes only
 				if (match[2]) { // keyword argument
 					arg = argv[cursor];
 					for (k = 0; k < match[2].length; k++) {
 						if (!arg.hasOwnProperty(match[2][k])) {
 							throw(sprintf('[sprintf] property "%s" does not exist', match[2][k]));
 						}
 						arg = arg[match[2][k]];
 					}
 				}
 				else if (match[1]) { // positional argument (explicit)
 					arg = argv[match[1]];
 				}
 				else { // positional argument (implicit)
 					arg = argv[cursor++];
 				}

 				if (/[^s]/.test(match[8]) && (get_type(arg) != 'number')) {
 					throw(sprintf('[sprintf] expecting number but found %s', get_type(arg)));
 				}
 				switch (match[8]) {
 					case 'b': arg = arg.toString(2); break;
 					case 'c': arg = String.fromCharCode(arg); break;
 					case 'd': arg = parseInt(arg, 10); break;
 					case 'e': arg = match[7] ? arg.toExponential(match[7]) : arg.toExponential(); break;
 					case 'f': arg = match[7] ? parseFloat(arg).toFixed(match[7]) : parseFloat(arg); break;
 					case 'o': arg = arg.toString(8); break;
 					case 's': arg = ((arg = String(arg)) && match[7] ? arg.substring(0, match[7]) : arg); break;
 					case 'u': arg = Math.abs(arg); break;
 					case 'x': arg = arg.toString(16); break;
 					case 'X': arg = arg.toString(16).toUpperCase(); break;
 				}
 				arg = (/[def]/.test(match[8]) && match[3] && arg >= 0 ? '+'+ arg : arg);
 				pad_character = match[4] ? match[4] == '0' ? '0' : match[4].charAt(1) : ' ';
 				pad_length = match[6] - String(arg).length;
 				pad = match[6] ? str_repeat(pad_character, pad_length) : '';
 				output.push(match[5] ? arg + pad : pad + arg);
 			}
 		}
 		return output.join('');
 	};

 	str_format.cache = {};

 	str_format.parse = function(fmt) {
 		var _fmt = fmt, match = [], parse_tree = [], arg_names = 0;
 		while (_fmt) {
 			if ((match = /^[^\x25]+/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
 				parse_tree.push(match[0]);
 			}
 			else if ((match = /^\x25{2}/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
 				parse_tree.push('%');
 			}
 			else if ((match = /^\x25(?:([1-9]\d*)\$|\(([^\)]+)\))?(\+)?(0|'[^$])?(-)?(\d+)?(?:\.(\d+))?([b-fosuxX])/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
 				if (match[2]) {
 					arg_names |= 1;
 					var field_list = [], replacement_field = match[2], field_match = [];
 					if ((field_match = /^([a-z_][a-z_\d]*)/i.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
 						field_list.push(field_match[1]);
 						while ((replacement_field = replacement_field.substring(field_match[0].length)) !== '') {
 							if ((field_match = /^\.([a-z_][a-z_\d]*)/i.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
 								field_list.push(field_match[1]);
 							}
 							else if ((field_match = /^\[(\d+)\]/.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
 								field_list.push(field_match[1]);
 							}
 							else {
 								throw('[sprintf] huh?');
 							}
 						}
 					}
 					else {
 						throw('[sprintf] huh?');
 					}
 					match[2] = field_list;
 				}
 				else {
 					arg_names |= 2;
 				}
 				if (arg_names === 3) {
 					throw('[sprintf] mixing positional and named placeholders is not (yet) supported');
 				}
 				parse_tree.push(match);
 			}
 			else {
 				throw('[sprintf] huh?');
 			}
 			_fmt = _fmt.substring(match[0].length);
 		}
 		return parse_tree;
 	};

 	return str_format;
 })();

 var vsprintf = function(fmt, argv) {
 	argv.unshift(fmt);
 	return sprintf.apply(null, argv);
 };
 /*
 ---
 MooTools: the javascript framework

 web build:
 - http://mootools.net/core/5b88354153bcb3b6ae280d7f56d4147a

 packager build:
 - packager build Core/Core Core/Array Core/Event Core/Class Core/Element Core/Element.Event Core/Element.Dimensions Core/Fx Core/Fx.CSS Core/Fx.Tween Core/Fx.Morph Core/Fx.Transitions Core/DOMReady

 copyrights:
  - [MooTools](http://mootools.net)

 licenses:
  - [MIT License](http://mootools.net/license.txt)
 ...
 */
 (function(){this.MooTools={version:"1.3.2",build:"c9f1ff10e9e7facb65e9481049ed1b450959d587"};var o=this.typeOf=function(i){if(i==null){return"null";}if(i.$family){return i.$family();
 }if(i.nodeName){if(i.nodeType==1){return"element";}if(i.nodeType==3){return(/\S/).test(i.nodeValue)?"textnode":"whitespace";}}else{if(typeof i.length=="number"){if(i.callee){return"arguments";
 }if("item" in i){return"collection";}}}return typeof i;};var j=this.instanceOf=function(t,i){if(t==null){return false;}var s=t.$constructor||t.constructor;
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 },getScroll:function(){if(a(this)){return this.getWindow().getScroll();}return{x:this.scrollLeft,y:this.scrollTop};},getScrolls:function(){var n=this.parentNode,m={x:0,y:0};
 while(n&&!a(n)){m.x+=n.scrollLeft;m.y+=n.scrollTop;n=n.parentNode;}return m;},getOffsetParent:d?function(){var m=this;if(a(m)||k(m,"position")=="fixed"){return null;
 }var n=(k(m,"position")=="static")?i:l;while((m=m.parentNode)){if(n(m)){return m;}}return null;}:function(){var m=this;if(a(m)||k(m,"position")=="fixed"){return null;
 }try{return m.offsetParent;}catch(n){}return null;},getOffsets:function(){if(this.getBoundingClientRect&&!Browser.Platform.ios){var r=this.getBoundingClientRect(),o=document.id(this.getDocument().documentElement),q=o.getScroll(),t=this.getScrolls(),s=(k(this,"position")=="fixed");
 return{x:r.left.toInt()+t.x+((s)?0:q.x)-o.clientLeft,y:r.top.toInt()+t.y+((s)?0:q.y)-o.clientTop};}var n=this,m={x:0,y:0};if(a(this)){return m;}while(n&&!a(n)){m.x+=n.offsetLeft;
 m.y+=n.offsetTop;if(Browser.firefox){if(!c(n)){m.x+=b(n);m.y+=g(n);}var p=n.parentNode;if(p&&k(p,"overflow")!="visible"){m.x+=b(p);m.y+=g(p);}}else{if(n!=this&&Browser.safari){m.x+=b(n);
 m.y+=g(n);}}n=n.offsetParent;}if(Browser.firefox&&!c(this)){m.x-=b(this);m.y-=g(this);}return m;},getPosition:function(p){if(a(this)){return{x:0,y:0};}var q=this.getOffsets(),n=this.getScrolls();
 var m={x:q.x-n.x,y:q.y-n.y};if(p&&(p=document.id(p))){var o=p.getPosition();return{x:m.x-o.x-b(p),y:m.y-o.y-g(p)};}return m;},getCoordinates:function(o){if(a(this)){return this.getWindow().getCoordinates();
 }var m=this.getPosition(o),n=this.getSize();var p={left:m.x,top:m.y,width:n.x,height:n.y};p.right=p.left+p.width;p.bottom=p.top+p.height;return p;},computePosition:function(m){return{left:m.x-j(this,"margin-left"),top:m.y-j(this,"margin-top")};
 },setPosition:function(m){return this.setStyles(this.computePosition(m));}});[Document,Window].invoke("implement",{getSize:function(){var m=f(this);return{x:m.clientWidth,y:m.clientHeight};
 },getScroll:function(){var n=this.getWindow(),m=f(this);return{x:n.pageXOffset||m.scrollLeft,y:n.pageYOffset||m.scrollTop};},getScrollSize:function(){var o=f(this),n=this.getSize(),m=this.getDocument().body;
 return{x:Math.max(o.scrollWidth,m.scrollWidth,n.x),y:Math.max(o.scrollHeight,m.scrollHeight,n.y)};},getPosition:function(){return{x:0,y:0};},getCoordinates:function(){var m=this.getSize();
 return{top:0,left:0,bottom:m.y,right:m.x,height:m.y,width:m.x};}});var k=Element.getComputedStyle;function j(m,n){return k(m,n).toInt()||0;}function c(m){return k(m,"-moz-box-sizing")=="border-box";
 }function g(m){return j(m,"border-top-width");}function b(m){return j(m,"border-left-width");}function a(m){return(/^(?:body|html)$/i).test(m.tagName);
 }function f(m){var n=m.getDocument();return(!n.compatMode||n.compatMode=="CSS1Compat")?n.html:n.body;}})();Element.alias({position:"setPosition"});[Window,Document,Element].invoke("implement",{getHeight:function(){return this.getSize().y;
 },getWidth:function(){return this.getSize().x;},getScrollTop:function(){return this.getScroll().y;},getScrollLeft:function(){return this.getScroll().x;
 },getScrollHeight:function(){return this.getScrollSize().y;},getScrollWidth:function(){return this.getScrollSize().x;},getTop:function(){return this.getPosition().y;
 },getLeft:function(){return this.getPosition().x;}});(function(){this.Chain=new Class({$chain:[],chain:function(){this.$chain.append(Array.flatten(arguments));
 return this;},callChain:function(){return(this.$chain.length)?this.$chain.shift().apply(this,arguments):false;},clearChain:function(){this.$chain.empty();
 return this;}});var a=function(b){return b.replace(/^on([A-Z])/,function(c,d){return d.toLowerCase();});};this.Events=new Class({$events:{},addEvent:function(d,c,b){d=a(d);
 this.$events[d]=(this.$events[d]||[]).include(c);if(b){c.internal=true;}return this;},addEvents:function(b){for(var c in b){this.addEvent(c,b[c]);}return this;
 },fireEvent:function(e,c,b){e=a(e);var d=this.$events[e];if(!d){return this;}c=Array.from(c);d.each(function(f){if(b){f.delay(b,this,c);}else{f.apply(this,c);
 }},this);return this;},removeEvent:function(e,d){e=a(e);var c=this.$events[e];if(c&&!d.internal){var b=c.indexOf(d);if(b!=-1){delete c[b];}}return this;
 },removeEvents:function(d){var e;if(typeOf(d)=="object"){for(e in d){this.removeEvent(e,d[e]);}return this;}if(d){d=a(d);}for(e in this.$events){if(d&&d!=e){continue;
 }var c=this.$events[e];for(var b=c.length;b--;){if(b in c){this.removeEvent(e,c[b]);}}}return this;}});this.Options=new Class({setOptions:function(){var b=this.options=Object.merge.apply(null,[{},this.options].append(arguments));
 if(this.addEvent){for(var c in b){if(typeOf(b[c])!="function"||!(/^on[A-Z]/).test(c)){continue;}this.addEvent(c,b[c]);delete b[c];}}return this;}});})();
 (function(){var f=this.Fx=new Class({Implements:[Chain,Events,Options],options:{fps:60,unit:false,duration:500,frames:null,frameSkip:true,link:"ignore"},initialize:function(g){this.subject=this.subject||this;
 this.setOptions(g);},getTransition:function(){return function(g){return -(Math.cos(Math.PI*g)-1)/2;};},step:function(g){if(this.options.frameSkip){var h=(this.time!=null)?(g-this.time):0,i=h/this.frameInterval;
 this.time=g;this.frame+=i;}else{this.frame++;}if(this.frame<this.frames){var j=this.transition(this.frame/this.frames);this.set(this.compute(this.from,this.to,j));
 }else{this.frame=this.frames;this.set(this.compute(this.from,this.to,1));this.stop();}},set:function(g){return g;},compute:function(i,h,g){return f.compute(i,h,g);
 },check:function(){if(!this.isRunning()){return true;}switch(this.options.link){case"cancel":this.cancel();return true;case"chain":this.chain(this.caller.pass(arguments,this));
 return false;}return false;},start:function(k,j){if(!this.check(k,j)){return this;}this.from=k;this.to=j;this.frame=(this.options.frameSkip)?0:-1;this.time=null;
 this.transition=this.getTransition();var i=this.options.frames,h=this.options.fps,g=this.options.duration;this.duration=f.Durations[g]||g.toInt();this.frameInterval=1000/h;
 this.frames=i||Math.round(this.duration/this.frameInterval);this.fireEvent("start",this.subject);b.call(this,h);return this;},stop:function(){if(this.isRunning()){this.time=null;
 d.call(this,this.options.fps);if(this.frames==this.frame){this.fireEvent("complete",this.subject);if(!this.callChain()){this.fireEvent("chainComplete",this.subject);
 }}else{this.fireEvent("stop",this.subject);}}return this;},cancel:function(){if(this.isRunning()){this.time=null;d.call(this,this.options.fps);this.frame=this.frames;
 this.fireEvent("cancel",this.subject).clearChain();}return this;},pause:function(){if(this.isRunning()){this.time=null;d.call(this,this.options.fps);}return this;
 },resume:function(){if((this.frame<this.frames)&&!this.isRunning()){b.call(this,this.options.fps);}return this;},isRunning:function(){var g=e[this.options.fps];
 return g&&g.contains(this);}});f.compute=function(i,h,g){return(h-i)*g+i;};f.Durations={"short":250,normal:500,"long":1000};var e={},c={};var a=function(){var h=Date.now();
 for(var j=this.length;j--;){var g=this[j];if(g){g.step(h);}}};var b=function(h){var g=e[h]||(e[h]=[]);g.push(this);if(!c[h]){c[h]=a.periodical(Math.round(1000/h),g);
 }};var d=function(h){var g=e[h];if(g){g.erase(this);if(!g.length&&c[h]){delete e[h];c[h]=clearInterval(c[h]);}}};})();Fx.CSS=new Class({Extends:Fx,prepare:function(c,d,b){b=Array.from(b);
 if(b[1]==null){b[1]=b[0];b[0]=c.getStyle(d);}var a=b.map(this.parse);return{from:a[0],to:a[1]};},parse:function(a){a=Function.from(a)();a=(typeof a=="string")?a.split(" "):Array.from(a);
 return a.map(function(c){c=String(c);var b=false;Object.each(Fx.CSS.Parsers,function(f,e){if(b){return;}var d=f.parse(c);if(d||d===0){b={value:d,parser:f};
 }});b=b||{value:c,parser:Fx.CSS.Parsers.String};return b;});},compute:function(d,c,b){var a=[];(Math.min(d.length,c.length)).times(function(e){a.push({value:d[e].parser.compute(d[e].value,c[e].value,b),parser:d[e].parser});
 });a.$family=Function.from("fx:css:value");return a;},serve:function(c,b){if(typeOf(c)!="fx:css:value"){c=this.parse(c);}var a=[];c.each(function(d){a=a.concat(d.parser.serve(d.value,b));
 });return a;},render:function(a,d,c,b){a.setStyle(d,this.serve(c,b));},search:function(a){if(Fx.CSS.Cache[a]){return Fx.CSS.Cache[a];}var c={},b=new RegExp("^"+a.escapeRegExp()+"$");
 Array.each(document.styleSheets,function(f,e){var d=f.href;if(d&&d.contains("://")&&!d.contains(document.domain)){return;}var g=f.rules||f.cssRules;Array.each(g,function(k,h){if(!k.style){return;
 }var j=(k.selectorText)?k.selectorText.replace(/^\w+/,function(i){return i.toLowerCase();}):null;if(!j||!b.test(j)){return;}Object.each(Element.Styles,function(l,i){if(!k.style[i]||Element.ShortStyles[i]){return;
 }l=String(k.style[i]);c[i]=((/^rgb/).test(l))?l.rgbToHex():l;});});});return Fx.CSS.Cache[a]=c;}});Fx.CSS.Cache={};Fx.CSS.Parsers={Color:{parse:function(a){if(a.match(/^#[0-9a-f]{3,6}$/i)){return a.hexToRgb(true);
 }return((a=a.match(/(\d+),\s*(\d+),\s*(\d+)/)))?[a[1],a[2],a[3]]:false;},compute:function(c,b,a){return c.map(function(e,d){return Math.round(Fx.compute(c[d],b[d],a));
 });},serve:function(a){return a.map(Number);}},Number:{parse:parseFloat,compute:Fx.compute,serve:function(b,a){return(a)?b+a:b;}},String:{parse:Function.from(false),compute:function(b,a){return a;
 },serve:function(a){return a;}}};Fx.Tween=new Class({Extends:Fx.CSS,initialize:function(b,a){this.element=this.subject=document.id(b);this.parent(a);},set:function(b,a){if(arguments.length==1){a=b;
 b=this.property||this.options.property;}this.render(this.element,b,a,this.options.unit);return this;},start:function(c,e,d){if(!this.check(c,e,d)){return this;
 }var b=Array.flatten(arguments);this.property=this.options.property||b.shift();var a=this.prepare(this.element,this.property,b);return this.parent(a.from,a.to);
 }});Element.Properties.tween={set:function(a){this.get("tween").cancel().setOptions(a);return this;},get:function(){var a=this.retrieve("tween");if(!a){a=new Fx.Tween(this,{link:"cancel"});
 this.store("tween",a);}return a;}};Element.implement({tween:function(a,c,b){this.get("tween").start(arguments);return this;},fade:function(c){var e=this.get("tween"),d="opacity",a;
 c=[c,"toggle"].pick();switch(c){case"in":e.start(d,1);break;case"out":e.start(d,0);break;case"show":e.set(d,1);break;case"hide":e.set(d,0);break;case"toggle":var b=this.retrieve("fade:flag",this.get("opacity")==1);
 e.start(d,(b)?0:1);this.store("fade:flag",!b);a=true;break;default:e.start(d,arguments);}if(!a){this.eliminate("fade:flag");}return this;},highlight:function(c,a){if(!a){a=this.retrieve("highlight:original",this.getStyle("background-color"));
 a=(a=="transparent")?"#fff":a;}var b=this.get("tween");b.start("background-color",c||"#ffff88",a).chain(function(){this.setStyle("background-color",this.retrieve("highlight:original"));
 b.callChain();}.bind(this));return this;}});Fx.Morph=new Class({Extends:Fx.CSS,initialize:function(b,a){this.element=this.subject=document.id(b);this.parent(a);
 },set:function(a){if(typeof a=="string"){a=this.search(a);}for(var b in a){this.render(this.element,b,a[b],this.options.unit);}return this;},compute:function(e,d,c){var a={};
 for(var b in e){a[b]=this.parent(e[b],d[b],c);}return a;},start:function(b){if(!this.check(b)){return this;}if(typeof b=="string"){b=this.search(b);}var e={},d={};
 for(var c in b){var a=this.prepare(this.element,c,b[c]);e[c]=a.from;d[c]=a.to;}return this.parent(e,d);}});Element.Properties.morph={set:function(a){this.get("morph").cancel().setOptions(a);
 return this;},get:function(){var a=this.retrieve("morph");if(!a){a=new Fx.Morph(this,{link:"cancel"});this.store("morph",a);}return a;}};Element.implement({morph:function(a){this.get("morph").start(a);
 return this;}});Fx.implement({getTransition:function(){var a=this.options.transition||Fx.Transitions.Sine.easeInOut;if(typeof a=="string"){var b=a.split(":");
 a=Fx.Transitions;a=a[b[0]]||a[b[0].capitalize()];if(b[1]){a=a["ease"+b[1].capitalize()+(b[2]?b[2].capitalize():"")];}}return a;}});Fx.Transition=function(c,b){b=Array.from(b);
 var a=function(d){return c(d,b);};return Object.append(a,{easeIn:a,easeOut:function(d){return 1-c(1-d,b);},easeInOut:function(d){return(d<=0.5?c(2*d,b):(2-c(2*(1-d),b)))/2;
 }});};Fx.Transitions={linear:function(a){return a;}};Fx.Transitions.extend=function(a){for(var b in a){Fx.Transitions[b]=new Fx.Transition(a[b]);}};Fx.Transitions.extend({Pow:function(b,a){return Math.pow(b,a&&a[0]||6);
 },Expo:function(a){return Math.pow(2,8*(a-1));},Circ:function(a){return 1-Math.sin(Math.acos(a));},Sine:function(a){return 1-Math.cos(a*Math.PI/2);},Back:function(b,a){a=a&&a[0]||1.618;
 return Math.pow(b,2)*((a+1)*b-a);},Bounce:function(f){var e;for(var d=0,c=1;1;d+=c,c/=2){if(f>=(7-4*d)/11){e=c*c-Math.pow((11-6*d-11*f)/4,2);break;}}return e;
 },Elastic:function(b,a){return Math.pow(2,10*--b)*Math.cos(20*b*Math.PI*(a&&a[0]||1)/3);}});["Quad","Cubic","Quart","Quint"].each(function(b,a){Fx.Transitions[b]=new Fx.Transition(function(c){return Math.pow(c,a+2);
 });});(function(i,k){var l,f,e=[],c,b,d=k.createElement("div");var g=function(){clearTimeout(b);if(l){return;}Browser.loaded=l=true;k.removeListener("DOMContentLoaded",g).removeListener("readystatechange",a);
 k.fireEvent("domready");i.fireEvent("domready");};var a=function(){for(var m=e.length;m--;){if(e[m]()){g();return true;}}return false;};var j=function(){clearTimeout(b);
 if(!a()){b=setTimeout(j,10);}};k.addListener("DOMContentLoaded",g);var h=function(){try{d.doScroll();return true;}catch(m){}return false;};if(d.doScroll&&!h()){e.push(h);
 c=true;}if(k.readyState){e.push(function(){var m=k.readyState;return(m=="loaded"||m=="complete");});}if("onreadystatechange" in k){k.addListener("readystatechange",a);
 }else{c=true;}if(c){j();}Element.Events.domready={onAdd:function(m){if(l){m.call(this);}}};Element.Events.load={base:"load",onAdd:function(m){if(f&&this==i){m.call(this);
 }},condition:function(){if(this==i){g();delete Element.Events.load;}return true;}};i.addEvent("load",function(){f=true;});})(window,document);//
 //  BVTouchable.js
 //  ExplorableExplanations
 //
 //  Created by Bret Victor on 3/10/11.
 //  (c) 2011 Bret Victor.  MIT open-source license.
 //

 (function () {

 var BVTouchable = this.BVTouchable = new Class ({

 	initialize: function (el, delegate) {
 		this.element = el;
 		this.delegate = delegate;
 		this.setTouchable(true);
 	},
 	
 	//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 	//
 	//  touches
 	//

 	setTouchable: function (isTouchable) {
 		if (this.touchable === isTouchable) { return; }
 		this.touchable = isTouchable;
 		this.element.style.pointerEvents = (this.touchable || this.hoverable) ? "auto" : "none";

 		if (isTouchable) {
 			if (!this._mouseBound) {
 				this._mouseBound = {
 					mouseDown: this._mouseDown.bind(this),
 					mouseMove: this._mouseMove.bind(this),
 					mouseUp: this._mouseUp.bind(this),
 					touchStart: this._touchStart.bind(this),
 					touchMove: this._touchMove.bind(this),
 					touchEnd: this._touchEnd.bind(this),
 					touchCancel: this._touchCancel.bind(this)
 				};
 			}
 			this.element.addEvent("mousedown", this._mouseBound.mouseDown);
 			this.element.addEvent("touchstart", this._mouseBound.touchStart);
 		}
 		else {
 			this.element.removeEvents("mousedown");
 			this.element.removeEvents("touchstart");
 		}
 	},
 	
 	touchDidGoDown: function (touches) { this.delegate.touchDidGoDown(touches); },
 	touchDidMove: function (touches) { this.delegate.touchDidMove(touches);  },
 	touchDidGoUp: function (touches) { this.delegate.touchDidGoUp(touches);  },

 	
 	_mouseDown: function (event) {
 		event.stop();
 		this.element.getDocument().addEvents({
 			mousemove: this._mouseBound.mouseMove,
 			mouseup: this._mouseBound.mouseUp
 		});
 	
 		this.touches = new BVTouches(event);
 		this.touchDidGoDown(this.touches);
 	},

 	_mouseMove: function (event) {
 		event.stop();
 		this.touches.updateWithEvent(event);
 		this.touchDidMove(this.touches);
 	},

 	_mouseUp: function (event) {
 		event.stop();
 		this.touches.updateWithEvent(event);
 		this.touches.count = 0;
 		this.touchDidGoUp(this.touches);
 		
 		delete this.touches;
 		this.element.getDocument().removeEvents({
 			mousemove: this._mouseBound.mouseMove,
 			mouseup: this._mouseBound.mouseUp
 		});
 	},

 	_touchStart: function (event) {
 		event.stop();
 		if (this.touches || event.length > 1) { this._touchCancel(event); return; }  // only-single touch for now
 		
 		this.element.getDocument().addEvents({
 			touchmove: this._mouseBound.touchMove,
 			touchend: this._mouseBound.touchEnd,
 			touchcancel: this._mouseBound.touchCancel
 		});
 	
 		this.touches = new BVTouches(event);
 		this.touchDidGoDown(this.touches);
 	},
 	
 	_touchMove: function (event) {
 		event.stop();
 		if (!this.touches) { return; }

 		this.touches.updateWithEvent(event);
 		this.touchDidMove(this.touches);
 	},
 	
 	_touchEnd: function (event) {
 		event.stop();
 		if (!this.touches) { return; }

 		this.touches.count = 0;
 		this.touchDidGoUp(this.touches);
 		
 		delete this.touches;
 		this.element.getDocument().removeEvents({
 			touchmove: this._mouseBound.touchMove,
 			touchend: this._mouseBound.touchEnd,
 			touchcancel: this._mouseBound.touchCancel
 		});
 	},
 	
 	_touchCancel: function (event) {
 		this._touchEnd(event);
 	}

 });


 //====================================================================================
 //
 //  BVTouches
 //

 var BVTouches = this.BVTouches = new Class({

 	initialize: function (event) {
 		this.globalPoint = { x:event.page.x, y:-event.page.y };
 		this.translation = { x:0, y:0 };
 		this.deltaTranslation = { x:0, y:0 };
 		this.count = 1;
 		this.event = event;
 	},
 	
 	updateWithEvent: function (event) {
 		var dx = event.page.x - this.globalPoint.x;  // todo, transform to local coordinate space?
 		var dy = -event.page.y - this.globalPoint.y;
 		this.translation.x += dx;
 		this.translation.y += dy;
 		this.deltaTranslation.x += dx;
 		this.deltaTranslation.y += dy;
 		this.globalPoint.x = event.page.x;
 		this.globalPoint.y = -event.page.y;
 		this.event = event;
 	},
 	
 	resetDeltaTranslation: function () {
 		this.deltaTranslation.x = 0;
 		this.deltaTranslation.y = 0;
 	}

 });


 //====================================================================================

 })();
 //
 //  TangleKit.js
 //  Tangle 0.1.0
 //
 //  Created by Bret Victor on 6/10/11.
 //  (c) 2011 Bret Victor.  MIT open-source license.
 //


 (function () {


 //----------------------------------------------------------
 //
 //  TKIf
 //
 //  Shows the element if value is true (non-zero), hides if false.
 //
 //  Attributes:  data-invert (optional):  show if false instead.

 Tangle.classes.TKIf = {
    
    initialize: function (element, options, tangle, variable) {
        this.isInverted = !!options.invert;
    },
    
    update: function (element, value) {
        if (this.isInverted) { value = !value; }
        element.style.display = !value ? "none" : "inline";   // todo, block or inline?
    }
 };


 //----------------------------------------------------------
 //
 //  TKSwitch
 //
 //  Shows the element's nth child if value is n.
 //
 //  False or true values will show the first or second child respectively.

 Tangle.classes.TKSwitch = {

    update: function (element, value) {
        element.getChildren().each( function (child, index) {
            child.style.display = (index != value) ? "none" : "inline";
        });
    }
 };


 //----------------------------------------------------------
 //
 //  TKSwitchPositiveNegative
 //
 //  Shows the element's first child if value is positive or zero.
 //  Shows the element's second child if value is negative.

 Tangle.classes.TKSwitchPositiveNegative = {

    update: function (element, value) {
        Tangle.classes.TKSwitch.update(element, value < 0);
    }
 };


 //----------------------------------------------------------
 //
 //  TKToggle
 //
 //  Click to toggle value between 0 and 1.

 Tangle.classes.TKToggle = {

    initialize: function (element, options, tangle, variable) {
        element.addEvent("click", function (event) {
            var isActive = tangle.getValue(variable);
            tangle.setValue(variable, isActive ? 0 : 1);
        });
    }
 };


 //----------------------------------------------------------
 //
 //  TKNumberField
 //
 //  An input box where a number can be typed in.
 //
 //  Attributes:  data-size (optional): width of the box in characters

 Tangle.classes.TKNumberField = {

    initialize: function (element, options, tangle, variable) {
        this.input = new Element("input", {
    		type: "text",
    		"class":"TKNumberFieldInput",
    		size: options.size || 6
        }).inject(element, "top");
        
        var inputChanged = (function () {
            var value = this.getValue();
            tangle.setValue(variable, value);
        }).bind(this);
        
        this.input.addEvent("keyup",  inputChanged);
        this.input.addEvent("blur",   inputChanged);
        this.input.addEvent("change", inputChanged);
 	},
 	
 	getValue: function () {
        var value = parseFloat(this.input.get("value"));
        return isNaN(value) ? 0 : value;
 	},
 	
 	update: function (element, value) {
 	    var currentValue = this.getValue();
 	    if (value !== currentValue) { this.input.set("value", "" + value); }
 	}
 };


 //----------------------------------------------------------
 //
 //  TKAdjustableNumber
 //
 //  Drag a number to adjust.
 //
 //  Attributes:  data-min (optional): minimum value
 //               data-max (optional): maximum value
 //               data-step (optional): granularity of adjustment (can be fractional)

 var isAnyAdjustableNumberDragging = false;  // hack for dragging one value over another one

 Tangle.classes.TKAdjustableNumber = {

    initialize: function (element, options, tangle, variable) {
        this.element = element;
        this.tangle = tangle;
        this.variable = variable;

        this.min = (options.min !== undefined) ? parseFloat(options.min) : 1;
        this.max = (options.max !== undefined) ? parseFloat(options.max) : 10;
        this.step = (options.step !== undefined) ? parseFloat(options.step) : 1;
        
        this.initializeHover();
        this.initializeHelp();
        this.initializeDrag();
    },


    // hover
    
    initializeHover: function () {
        this.isHovering = false;
        this.element.addEvent("mouseenter", (function () { this.isHovering = true;  this.updateRolloverEffects(); }).bind(this));
        this.element.addEvent("mouseleave", (function () { this.isHovering = false; this.updateRolloverEffects(); }).bind(this));
    },
    
    updateRolloverEffects: function () {
        this.updateStyle();
        this.updateCursor();
        this.updateHelp();
    },
    
    isActive: function () {
        return this.isDragging || (this.isHovering && !isAnyAdjustableNumberDragging);
    },

    updateStyle: function () {
        if (this.isDragging) { this.element.addClass("TKAdjustableNumberDown"); }
        else { this.element.removeClass("TKAdjustableNumberDown"); }
        
        if (!this.isDragging && this.isActive()) { this.element.addClass("TKAdjustableNumberHover"); }
        else { this.element.removeClass("TKAdjustableNumberHover"); }
    },

    updateCursor: function () {
        var body = document.getElement("body");
        if (this.isActive()) { body.addClass("TKCursorDragHorizontal"); }
        else { body.removeClass("TKCursorDragHorizontal"); }
    },


    // help

    initializeHelp: function () {
        this.helpElement = (new Element("div", { "class": "TKAdjustableNumberHelp" })).inject(this.element, "top");
        this.helpElement.setStyle("display", "none");
        this.helpElement.set("text", "drag");
    },
    
    updateHelp: function () {
        var size = this.element.getSize();
        var top = -size.y + 7;
        var left = Math.round(0.5 * (size.x - 20));
        var display = (this.isHovering && !isAnyAdjustableNumberDragging) ? "block" : "none";
        this.helpElement.setStyles({ left:left, top:top, display:display });
    },


    // drag
    
    initializeDrag: function () {
        this.isDragging = false;
        new BVTouchable(this.element, this);
    },
    
    touchDidGoDown: function (touches) {
        this.valueAtMouseDown = this.tangle.getValue(this.variable);
        this.isDragging = true;
        isAnyAdjustableNumberDragging = true;
        this.updateRolloverEffects();
        this.updateStyle();
    },
    
    touchDidMove: function (touches) {
        var value = this.valueAtMouseDown + touches.translation.x / 5 * this.step;
        value = ((value / this.step).round() * this.step).limit(this.min, this.max);
        this.tangle.setValue(this.variable, value);
        this.updateHelp();
    },
    
    touchDidGoUp: function (touches) {
        this.helpElement.setStyle("display", "none");
        this.isDragging = false;
        isAnyAdjustableNumberDragging = false;
        this.updateRolloverEffects();
        this.updateStyle();
    }
 };




 //----------------------------------------------------------
 //
 //  formats
 //
 //  Most of these are left over from older versions of Tangle,
 //  before parameters and printf were available.  They should
 //  be redesigned.
 //

 function formatValueWithPrecision (value,precision) {
    if (Math.abs(value) >= 100) { precision--; }
    if (Math.abs(value) >= 10) { precision--; }
    return "" + value.round(Math.max(precision,0));
 }

 Tangle.formats.p3 = function (value) {
    return formatValueWithPrecision(value,3);
 };

 Tangle.formats.neg_p3 = function (value) {
    return formatValueWithPrecision(-value,3);
 };

 Tangle.formats.p2 = function (value) {
    return formatValueWithPrecision(value,2);
 };

 Tangle.formats.e6 = function (value) {
    return "" + (value * 1e-6).round();
 };

 Tangle.formats.abs_e6 = function (value) {
    return "" + (Math.abs(value) * 1e-6).round();
 };

 Tangle.formats.freq = function (value) {
    if (value < 100) { return "" + value.round(1) + " Hz"; }
    if (value < 1000) { return "" + value.round(0) + " Hz"; }
    return "" + (value / 1000).round(2) + " KHz"; 
 };

 Tangle.formats.dollars = function (value) {
    return "$" + value.round(0);
 };

 Tangle.formats.free = function (value) {
    return value ? ("$" + value.round(0)) : "free";
 };

 Tangle.formats.percent = function (value) {
    return "" + (100 * value).round(0) + "%";
 };


    
 //----------------------------------------------------------

 })();
diff --git a/thumbnail.png b/thumbnail.png
diff --git a/underscore.js b/underscore.js
 //     Underscore.js 1.4.2
 //     http://underscorejs.org
 //     (c) 2009-2012 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
 //     Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license.

 (function() {

  // Baseline setup
  // --------------

  // Establish the root object, `window` in the browser, or `global` on the server.
  var root = this;

  // Save the previous value of the `_` variable.
  var previousUnderscore = root._;

  // Establish the object that gets returned to break out of a loop iteration.
  var breaker = {};

  // Save bytes in the minified (but not gzipped) version:
  var ArrayProto = Array.prototype, ObjProto = Object.prototype, FuncProto = Function.prototype;

  // Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
  var push             = ArrayProto.push,
      slice            = ArrayProto.slice,
      concat           = ArrayProto.concat,
      unshift          = ArrayProto.unshift,
      toString         = ObjProto.toString,
      hasOwnProperty   = ObjProto.hasOwnProperty;

  // All **ECMAScript 5** native function implementations that we hope to use
  // are declared here.
  var
    nativeForEach      = ArrayProto.forEach,
    nativeMap          = ArrayProto.map,
    nativeReduce       = ArrayProto.reduce,
    nativeReduceRight  = ArrayProto.reduceRight,
    nativeFilter       = ArrayProto.filter,
    nativeEvery        = ArrayProto.every,
    nativeSome         = ArrayProto.some,
    nativeIndexOf      = ArrayProto.indexOf,
    nativeLastIndexOf  = ArrayProto.lastIndexOf,
    nativeIsArray      = Array.isArray,
    nativeKeys         = Object.keys,
    nativeBind         = FuncProto.bind;

  // Create a safe reference to the Underscore object for use below.
  var _ = function(obj) {
    if (obj instanceof _) return obj;
    if (!(this instanceof _)) return new _(obj);
    this._wrapped = obj;
  };

  // Export the Underscore object for **Node.js**, with
  // backwards-compatibility for the old `require()` API. If we're in
  // the browser, add `_` as a global object via a string identifier,
  // for Closure Compiler "advanced" mode.
  if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
    if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
      exports = module.exports = _;
    }
    exports._ = _;
  } else {
    root['_'] = _;
  }

  // Current version.
  _.VERSION = '1.4.2';

  // Collection Functions
  // --------------------

  // The cornerstone, an `each` implementation, aka `forEach`.
  // Handles objects with the built-in `forEach`, arrays, and raw objects.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `forEach` if available.
  var each = _.each = _.forEach = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    if (obj == null) return;
    if (nativeForEach && obj.forEach === nativeForEach) {
      obj.forEach(iterator, context);
    } else if (obj.length === +obj.length) {
      for (var i = 0, l = obj.length; i < l; i++) {
        if (iterator.call(context, obj[i], i, obj) === breaker) return;
      }
    } else {
      for (var key in obj) {
        if (_.has(obj, key)) {
          if (iterator.call(context, obj[key], key, obj) === breaker) return;
        }
      }
    }
  };

  // Return the results of applying the iterator to each element.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `map` if available.
  _.map = _.collect = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    var results = [];
    if (obj == null) return results;
    if (nativeMap && obj.map === nativeMap) return obj.map(iterator, context);
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      results[results.length] = iterator.call(context, value, index, list);
    });
    return results;
  };

  // **Reduce** builds up a single result from a list of values, aka `inject`,
  // or `foldl`. Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduce` if available.
  _.reduce = _.foldl = _.inject = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) {
    var initial = arguments.length > 2;
    if (obj == null) obj = [];
    if (nativeReduce && obj.reduce === nativeReduce) {
      if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context);
      return initial ? obj.reduce(iterator, memo) : obj.reduce(iterator);
    }
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (!initial) {
        memo = value;
        initial = true;
      } else {
        memo = iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, list);
      }
    });
    if (!initial) throw new TypeError('Reduce of empty array with no initial value');
    return memo;
  };

  // The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `reduceRight` if available.
  _.reduceRight = _.foldr = function(obj, iterator, memo, context) {
    var initial = arguments.length > 2;
    if (obj == null) obj = [];
    if (nativeReduceRight && obj.reduceRight === nativeReduceRight) {
      if (context) iterator = _.bind(iterator, context);
      return arguments.length > 2 ? obj.reduceRight(iterator, memo) : obj.reduceRight(iterator);
    }
    var length = obj.length;
    if (length !== +length) {
      var keys = _.keys(obj);
      length = keys.length;
    }
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      index = keys ? keys[--length] : --length;
      if (!initial) {
        memo = obj[index];
        initial = true;
      } else {
        memo = iterator.call(context, memo, obj[index], index, list);
      }
    });
    if (!initial) throw new TypeError('Reduce of empty array with no initial value');
    return memo;
  };

  // Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`.
  _.find = _.detect = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    var result;
    any(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) {
        result = value;
        return true;
      }
    });
    return result;
  };

  // Return all the elements that pass a truth test.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `filter` if available.
  // Aliased as `select`.
  _.filter = _.select = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    var results = [];
    if (obj == null) return results;
    if (nativeFilter && obj.filter === nativeFilter) return obj.filter(iterator, context);
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (iterator.call(context, value, index, list)) results[results.length] = value;
    });
    return results;
  };

  // Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
  _.reject = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    return _.filter(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      return !iterator.call(context, value, index, list);
    }, context);
  };

  // Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `every` if available.
  // Aliased as `all`.
  _.every = _.all = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    iterator || (iterator = _.identity);
    var result = true;
    if (obj == null) return result;
    if (nativeEvery && obj.every === nativeEvery) return obj.every(iterator, context);
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (!(result = result && iterator.call(context, value, index, list))) return breaker;
    });
    return !!result;
  };

  // Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `some` if available.
  // Aliased as `any`.
  var any = _.some = _.any = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    iterator || (iterator = _.identity);
    var result = false;
    if (obj == null) return result;
    if (nativeSome && obj.some === nativeSome) return obj.some(iterator, context);
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      if (result || (result = iterator.call(context, value, index, list))) return breaker;
    });
    return !!result;
  };

  // Determine if the array or object contains a given value (using `===`).
  // Aliased as `include`.
  _.contains = _.include = function(obj, target) {
    var found = false;
    if (obj == null) return found;
    if (nativeIndexOf && obj.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return obj.indexOf(target) != -1;
    found = any(obj, function(value) {
      return value === target;
    });
    return found;
  };

  // Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection.
  _.invoke = function(obj, method) {
    var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
    return _.map(obj, function(value) {
      return (_.isFunction(method) ? method : value[method]).apply(value, args);
    });
  };

  // Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property.
  _.pluck = function(obj, key) {
    return _.map(obj, function(value){ return value[key]; });
  };

  // Convenience version of a common use case of `filter`: selecting only objects
  // with specific `key:value` pairs.
  _.where = function(obj, attrs) {
    if (_.isEmpty(attrs)) return [];
    return _.filter(obj, function(value) {
      for (var key in attrs) {
        if (attrs[key] !== value[key]) return false;
      }
      return true;
    });
  };

  // Return the maximum element or (element-based computation).
  // Can't optimize arrays of integers longer than 65,535 elements.
  // See: https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=80797
  _.max = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj) && obj[0] === +obj[0] && obj.length < 65535) {
      return Math.max.apply(Math, obj);
    }
    if (!iterator && _.isEmpty(obj)) return -Infinity;
    var result = {computed : -Infinity};
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value;
      computed >= result.computed && (result = {value : value, computed : computed});
    });
    return result.value;
  };

  // Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
  _.min = function(obj, iterator, context) {
    if (!iterator && _.isArray(obj) && obj[0] === +obj[0] && obj.length < 65535) {
      return Math.min.apply(Math, obj);
    }
    if (!iterator && _.isEmpty(obj)) return Infinity;
    var result = {computed : Infinity};
    each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      var computed = iterator ? iterator.call(context, value, index, list) : value;
      computed < result.computed && (result = {value : value, computed : computed});
    });
    return result.value;
  };

  // Shuffle an array.
  _.shuffle = function(obj) {
    var rand;
    var index = 0;
    var shuffled = [];
    each(obj, function(value) {
      rand = _.random(index++);
      shuffled[index - 1] = shuffled[rand];
      shuffled[rand] = value;
    });
    return shuffled;
  };

  // An internal function to generate lookup iterators.
  var lookupIterator = function(value) {
    return _.isFunction(value) ? value : function(obj){ return obj[value]; };
  };

  // Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iterator.
  _.sortBy = function(obj, value, context) {
    var iterator = lookupIterator(value);
    return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, index, list) {
      return {
        value : value,
        index : index,
        criteria : iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
      };
    }).sort(function(left, right) {
      var a = left.criteria;
      var b = right.criteria;
      if (a !== b) {
        if (a > b || a === void 0) return 1;
        if (a < b || b === void 0) return -1;
      }
      return left.index < right.index ? -1 : 1;
    }), 'value');
  };

  // An internal function used for aggregate "group by" operations.
  var group = function(obj, value, context, behavior) {
    var result = {};
    var iterator = lookupIterator(value);
    each(obj, function(value, index) {
      var key = iterator.call(context, value, index, obj);
      behavior(result, key, value);
    });
    return result;
  };

  // Groups the object's values by a criterion. Pass either a string attribute
  // to group by, or a function that returns the criterion.
  _.groupBy = function(obj, value, context) {
    return group(obj, value, context, function(result, key, value) {
      (_.has(result, key) ? result[key] : (result[key] = [])).push(value);
    });
  };

  // Counts instances of an object that group by a certain criterion. Pass
  // either a string attribute to count by, or a function that returns the
  // criterion.
  _.countBy = function(obj, value, context) {
    return group(obj, value, context, function(result, key, value) {
      if (!_.has(result, key)) result[key] = 0;
      result[key]++;
    });
  };

  // Use a comparator function to figure out the smallest index at which
  // an object should be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
  _.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iterator, context) {
    iterator = iterator == null ? _.identity : lookupIterator(iterator);
    var value = iterator.call(context, obj);
    var low = 0, high = array.length;
    while (low < high) {
      var mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
      iterator.call(context, array[mid]) < value ? low = mid + 1 : high = mid;
    }
    return low;
  };

  // Safely convert anything iterable into a real, live array.
  _.toArray = function(obj) {
    if (!obj) return [];
    if (obj.length === +obj.length) return slice.call(obj);
    return _.values(obj);
  };

  // Return the number of elements in an object.
  _.size = function(obj) {
    if (obj == null) return 0;
    return (obj.length === +obj.length) ? obj.length : _.keys(obj).length;
  };

  // Array Functions
  // ---------------

  // Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N
  // values in the array. Aliased as `head` and `take`. The **guard** check
  // allows it to work with `_.map`.
  _.first = _.head = _.take = function(array, n, guard) {
    if (array == null) return void 0;
    return (n != null) && !guard ? slice.call(array, 0, n) : array[0];
  };

  // Returns everything but the last entry of the array. Especially useful on
  // the arguments object. Passing **n** will return all the values in
  // the array, excluding the last N. The **guard** check allows it to work with
  // `_.map`.
  _.initial = function(array, n, guard) {
    return slice.call(array, 0, array.length - ((n == null) || guard ? 1 : n));
  };

  // Get the last element of an array. Passing **n** will return the last N
  // values in the array. The **guard** check allows it to work with `_.map`.
  _.last = function(array, n, guard) {
    if (array == null) return void 0;
    if ((n != null) && !guard) {
      return slice.call(array, Math.max(array.length - n, 0));
    } else {
      return array[array.length - 1];
    }
  };

  // Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail` and `drop`.
  // Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **n** will return
  // the rest N values in the array. The **guard**
  // check allows it to work with `_.map`.
  _.rest = _.tail = _.drop = function(array, n, guard) {
    return slice.call(array, (n == null) || guard ? 1 : n);
  };

  // Trim out all falsy values from an array.
  _.compact = function(array) {
    return _.filter(array, function(value){ return !!value; });
  };

  // Internal implementation of a recursive `flatten` function.
  var flatten = function(input, shallow, output) {
    each(input, function(value) {
      if (_.isArray(value)) {
        shallow ? push.apply(output, value) : flatten(value, shallow, output);
      } else {
        output.push(value);
      }
    });
    return output;
  };

  // Return a completely flattened version of an array.
  _.flatten = function(array, shallow) {
    return flatten(array, shallow, []);
  };

  // Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
  _.without = function(array) {
    return _.difference(array, slice.call(arguments, 1));
  };

  // Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already
  // been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.
  // Aliased as `unique`.
  _.uniq = _.unique = function(array, isSorted, iterator, context) {
    var initial = iterator ? _.map(array, iterator, context) : array;
    var results = [];
    var seen = [];
    each(initial, function(value, index) {
      if (isSorted ? (!index || seen[seen.length - 1] !== value) : !_.contains(seen, value)) {
        seen.push(value);
        results.push(array[index]);
      }
    });
    return results;
  };

  // Produce an array that contains the union: each distinct element from all of
  // the passed-in arrays.
  _.union = function() {
    return _.uniq(concat.apply(ArrayProto, arguments));
  };

  // Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the
  // passed-in arrays.
  _.intersection = function(array) {
    var rest = slice.call(arguments, 1);
    return _.filter(_.uniq(array), function(item) {
      return _.every(rest, function(other) {
        return _.indexOf(other, item) >= 0;
      });
    });
  };

  // Take the difference between one array and a number of other arrays.
  // Only the elements present in just the first array will remain.
  _.difference = function(array) {
    var rest = concat.apply(ArrayProto, slice.call(arguments, 1));
    return _.filter(array, function(value){ return !_.contains(rest, value); });
  };

  // Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share
  // an index go together.
  _.zip = function() {
    var args = slice.call(arguments);
    var length = _.max(_.pluck(args, 'length'));
    var results = new Array(length);
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      results[i] = _.pluck(args, "" + i);
    }
    return results;
  };

  // Converts lists into objects. Pass either a single array of `[key, value]`
  // pairs, or two parallel arrays of the same length -- one of keys, and one of
  // the corresponding values.
  _.object = function(list, values) {
    if (list == null) return {};
    var result = {};
    for (var i = 0, l = list.length; i < l; i++) {
      if (values) {
        result[list[i]] = values[i];
      } else {
        result[list[i][0]] = list[i][1];
      }
    }
    return result;
  };

  // If the browser doesn't supply us with indexOf (I'm looking at you, **MSIE**),
  // we need this function. Return the position of the first occurrence of an
  // item in an array, or -1 if the item is not included in the array.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `indexOf` if available.
  // If the array is large and already in sort order, pass `true`
  // for **isSorted** to use binary search.
  _.indexOf = function(array, item, isSorted) {
    if (array == null) return -1;
    var i = 0, l = array.length;
    if (isSorted) {
      if (typeof isSorted == 'number') {
        i = (isSorted < 0 ? Math.max(0, l + isSorted) : isSorted);
      } else {
        i = _.sortedIndex(array, item);
        return array[i] === item ? i : -1;
      }
    }
    if (nativeIndexOf && array.indexOf === nativeIndexOf) return array.indexOf(item, isSorted);
    for (; i < l; i++) if (array[i] === item) return i;
    return -1;
  };

  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `lastIndexOf` if available.
  _.lastIndexOf = function(array, item, from) {
    if (array == null) return -1;
    var hasIndex = from != null;
    if (nativeLastIndexOf && array.lastIndexOf === nativeLastIndexOf) {
      return hasIndex ? array.lastIndexOf(item, from) : array.lastIndexOf(item);
    }
    var i = (hasIndex ? from : array.length);
    while (i--) if (array[i] === item) return i;
    return -1;
  };

  // Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of
  // the native Python `range()` function. See
  // [the Python documentation](http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range).
  _.range = function(start, stop, step) {
    if (arguments.length <= 1) {
      stop = start || 0;
      start = 0;
    }
    step = arguments[2] || 1;

    var len = Math.max(Math.ceil((stop - start) / step), 0);
    var idx = 0;
    var range = new Array(len);

    while(idx < len) {
      range[idx++] = start;
      start += step;
    }

    return range;
  };

  // Function (ahem) Functions
  // ------------------

  // Reusable constructor function for prototype setting.
  var ctor = function(){};

  // Create a function bound to a given object (assigning `this`, and arguments,
  // optionally). Binding with arguments is also known as `curry`.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Function.bind` if available.
  // We check for `func.bind` first, to fail fast when `func` is undefined.
  _.bind = function bind(func, context) {
    var bound, args;
    if (func.bind === nativeBind && nativeBind) return nativeBind.apply(func, slice.call(arguments, 1));
    if (!_.isFunction(func)) throw new TypeError;
    args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
    return bound = function() {
      if (!(this instanceof bound)) return func.apply(context, args.concat(slice.call(arguments)));
      ctor.prototype = func.prototype;
      var self = new ctor;
      var result = func.apply(self, args.concat(slice.call(arguments)));
      if (Object(result) === result) return result;
      return self;
    };
  };

  // Bind all of an object's methods to that object. Useful for ensuring that
  // all callbacks defined on an object belong to it.
  _.bindAll = function(obj) {
    var funcs = slice.call(arguments, 1);
    if (funcs.length == 0) funcs = _.functions(obj);
    each(funcs, function(f) { obj[f] = _.bind(obj[f], obj); });
    return obj;
  };

  // Memoize an expensive function by storing its results.
  _.memoize = function(func, hasher) {
    var memo = {};
    hasher || (hasher = _.identity);
    return function() {
      var key = hasher.apply(this, arguments);
      return _.has(memo, key) ? memo[key] : (memo[key] = func.apply(this, arguments));
    };
  };

  // Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls
  // it with the arguments supplied.
  _.delay = function(func, wait) {
    var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
    return setTimeout(function(){ return func.apply(null, args); }, wait);
  };

  // Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has
  // cleared.
  _.defer = function(func) {
    return _.delay.apply(_, [func, 1].concat(slice.call(arguments, 1)));
  };

  // Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once
  // during a given window of time.
  _.throttle = function(func, wait) {
    var context, args, timeout, result;
    var previous = 0;
    var later = function() {
      previous = new Date;
      timeout = null;
      result = func.apply(context, args);
    };
    return function() {
      var now = new Date;
      var remaining = wait - (now - previous);
      context = this;
      args = arguments;
      if (remaining <= 0) {
        clearTimeout(timeout);
        previous = now;
        result = func.apply(context, args);
      } else if (!timeout) {
        timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining);
      }
      return result;
    };
  };

  // Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not
  // be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for
  // N milliseconds. If `immediate` is passed, trigger the function on the
  // leading edge, instead of the trailing.
  _.debounce = function(func, wait, immediate) {
    var timeout, result;
    return function() {
      var context = this, args = arguments;
      var later = function() {
        timeout = null;
        if (!immediate) result = func.apply(context, args);
      };
      var callNow = immediate && !timeout;
      clearTimeout(timeout);
      timeout = setTimeout(later, wait);
      if (callNow) result = func.apply(context, args);
      return result;
    };
  };

  // Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how
  // often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization.
  _.once = function(func) {
    var ran = false, memo;
    return function() {
      if (ran) return memo;
      ran = true;
      memo = func.apply(this, arguments);
      func = null;
      return memo;
    };
  };

  // Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,
  // allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and
  // conditionally execute the original function.
  _.wrap = function(func, wrapper) {
    return function() {
      var args = [func];
      push.apply(args, arguments);
      return wrapper.apply(this, args);
    };
  };

  // Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each
  // consuming the return value of the function that follows.
  _.compose = function() {
    var funcs = arguments;
    return function() {
      var args = arguments;
      for (var i = funcs.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        args = [funcs[i].apply(this, args)];
      }
      return args[0];
    };
  };

  // Returns a function that will only be executed after being called N times.
  _.after = function(times, func) {
    if (times <= 0) return func();
    return function() {
      if (--times < 1) {
        return func.apply(this, arguments);
      }
    };
  };

  // Object Functions
  // ----------------

  // Retrieve the names of an object's properties.
  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Object.keys`
  _.keys = nativeKeys || function(obj) {
    if (obj !== Object(obj)) throw new TypeError('Invalid object');
    var keys = [];
    for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) keys[keys.length] = key;
    return keys;
  };

  // Retrieve the values of an object's properties.
  _.values = function(obj) {
    var values = [];
    for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) values.push(obj[key]);
    return values;
  };

  // Convert an object into a list of `[key, value]` pairs.
  _.pairs = function(obj) {
    var pairs = [];
    for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) pairs.push([key, obj[key]]);
    return pairs;
  };

  // Invert the keys and values of an object. The values must be serializable.
  _.invert = function(obj) {
    var result = {};
    for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) result[obj[key]] = key;
    return result;
  };

  // Return a sorted list of the function names available on the object.
  // Aliased as `methods`
  _.functions = _.methods = function(obj) {
    var names = [];
    for (var key in obj) {
      if (_.isFunction(obj[key])) names.push(key);
    }
    return names.sort();
  };

  // Extend a given object with all the properties in passed-in object(s).
  _.extend = function(obj) {
    each(slice.call(arguments, 1), function(source) {
      for (var prop in source) {
        obj[prop] = source[prop];
      }
    });
    return obj;
  };

  // Return a copy of the object only containing the whitelisted properties.
  _.pick = function(obj) {
    var copy = {};
    var keys = concat.apply(ArrayProto, slice.call(arguments, 1));
    each(keys, function(key) {
      if (key in obj) copy[key] = obj[key];
    });
    return copy;
  };

   // Return a copy of the object without the blacklisted properties.
  _.omit = function(obj) {
    var copy = {};
    var keys = concat.apply(ArrayProto, slice.call(arguments, 1));
    for (var key in obj) {
      if (!_.contains(keys, key)) copy[key] = obj[key];
    }
    return copy;
  };

  // Fill in a given object with default properties.
  _.defaults = function(obj) {
    each(slice.call(arguments, 1), function(source) {
      for (var prop in source) {
        if (obj[prop] == null) obj[prop] = source[prop];
      }
    });
    return obj;
  };

  // Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object.
  _.clone = function(obj) {
    if (!_.isObject(obj)) return obj;
    return _.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.extend({}, obj);
  };

  // Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj.
  // The primary purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain, in
  // order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.
  _.tap = function(obj, interceptor) {
    interceptor(obj);
    return obj;
  };

  // Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`.
  var eq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) {
    // Identical objects are equal. `0 === -0`, but they aren't identical.
    // See the Harmony `egal` proposal: http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:egal.
    if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a == 1 / b;
    // A strict comparison is necessary because `null == undefined`.
    if (a == null || b == null) return a === b;
    // Unwrap any wrapped objects.
    if (a instanceof _) a = a._wrapped;
    if (b instanceof _) b = b._wrapped;
    // Compare `[[Class]]` names.
    var className = toString.call(a);
    if (className != toString.call(b)) return false;
    switch (className) {
      // Strings, numbers, dates, and booleans are compared by value.
      case '[object String]':
        // Primitives and their corresponding object wrappers are equivalent; thus, `"5"` is
        // equivalent to `new String("5")`.
        return a == String(b);
      case '[object Number]':
        // `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive. An `egal` comparison is performed for
        // other numeric values.
        return a != +a ? b != +b : (a == 0 ? 1 / a == 1 / b : a == +b);
      case '[object Date]':
      case '[object Boolean]':
        // Coerce dates and booleans to numeric primitive values. Dates are compared by their
        // millisecond representations. Note that invalid dates with millisecond representations
        // of `NaN` are not equivalent.
        return +a == +b;
      // RegExps are compared by their source patterns and flags.
      case '[object RegExp]':
        return a.source == b.source &&
               a.global == b.global &&
               a.multiline == b.multiline &&
               a.ignoreCase == b.ignoreCase;
    }
    if (typeof a != 'object' || typeof b != 'object') return false;
    // Assume equality for cyclic structures. The algorithm for detecting cyclic
    // structures is adapted from ES 5.1 section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO`.
    var length = aStack.length;
    while (length--) {
      // Linear search. Performance is inversely proportional to the number of
      // unique nested structures.
      if (aStack[length] == a) return bStack[length] == b;
    }
    // Add the first object to the stack of traversed objects.
    aStack.push(a);
    bStack.push(b);
    var size = 0, result = true;
    // Recursively compare objects and arrays.
    if (className == '[object Array]') {
      // Compare array lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary.
      size = a.length;
      result = size == b.length;
      if (result) {
        // Deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties.
        while (size--) {
          if (!(result = eq(a[size], b[size], aStack, bStack))) break;
        }
      }
    } else {
      // Objects with different constructors are not equivalent, but `Object`s
      // from different frames are.
      var aCtor = a.constructor, bCtor = b.constructor;
      if (aCtor !== bCtor && !(_.isFunction(aCtor) && (aCtor instanceof aCtor) &&
                               _.isFunction(bCtor) && (bCtor instanceof bCtor))) {
        return false;
      }
      // Deep compare objects.
      for (var key in a) {
        if (_.has(a, key)) {
          // Count the expected number of properties.
          size++;
          // Deep compare each member.
          if (!(result = _.has(b, key) && eq(a[key], b[key], aStack, bStack))) break;
        }
      }
      // Ensure that both objects contain the same number of properties.
      if (result) {
        for (key in b) {
          if (_.has(b, key) && !(size--)) break;
        }
        result = !size;
      }
    }
    // Remove the first object from the stack of traversed objects.
    aStack.pop();
    bStack.pop();
    return result;
  };

  // Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.
  _.isEqual = function(a, b) {
    return eq(a, b, [], []);
  };

  // Is a given array, string, or object empty?
  // An "empty" object has no enumerable own-properties.
  _.isEmpty = function(obj) {
    if (obj == null) return true;
    if (_.isArray(obj) || _.isString(obj)) return obj.length === 0;
    for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) return false;
    return true;
  };

  // Is a given value a DOM element?
  _.isElement = function(obj) {
    return !!(obj && obj.nodeType === 1);
  };

  // Is a given value an array?
  // Delegates to ECMA5's native Array.isArray
  _.isArray = nativeIsArray || function(obj) {
    return toString.call(obj) == '[object Array]';
  };

  // Is a given variable an object?
  _.isObject = function(obj) {
    return obj === Object(obj);
  };

  // Add some isType methods: isArguments, isFunction, isString, isNumber, isDate, isRegExp.
  each(['Arguments', 'Function', 'String', 'Number', 'Date', 'RegExp'], function(name) {
    _['is' + name] = function(obj) {
      return toString.call(obj) == '[object ' + name + ']';
    };
  });

  // Define a fallback version of the method in browsers (ahem, IE), where
  // there isn't any inspectable "Arguments" type.
  if (!_.isArguments(arguments)) {
    _.isArguments = function(obj) {
      return !!(obj && _.has(obj, 'callee'));
    };
  }

  // Optimize `isFunction` if appropriate.
  if (typeof (/./) !== 'function') {
    _.isFunction = function(obj) {
      return typeof obj === 'function';
    };
  }

  // Is a given object a finite number?
  _.isFinite = function(obj) {
    return _.isNumber(obj) && isFinite(obj);
  };

  // Is the given value `NaN`? (NaN is the only number which does not equal itself).
  _.isNaN = function(obj) {
    return _.isNumber(obj) && obj != +obj;
  };

  // Is a given value a boolean?
  _.isBoolean = function(obj) {
    return obj === true || obj === false || toString.call(obj) == '[object Boolean]';
  };

  // Is a given value equal to null?
  _.isNull = function(obj) {
    return obj === null;
  };

  // Is a given variable undefined?
  _.isUndefined = function(obj) {
    return obj === void 0;
  };

  // Shortcut function for checking if an object has a given property directly
  // on itself (in other words, not on a prototype).
  _.has = function(obj, key) {
    return hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key);
  };

  // Utility Functions
  // -----------------

  // Run Underscore.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `_` variable to its
  // previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object.
  _.noConflict = function() {
    root._ = previousUnderscore;
    return this;
  };

  // Keep the identity function around for default iterators.
  _.identity = function(value) {
    return value;
  };

  // Run a function **n** times.
  _.times = function(n, iterator, context) {
    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) iterator.call(context, i);
  };

  // Return a random integer between min and max (inclusive).
  _.random = function(min, max) {
    if (max == null) {
      max = min;
      min = 0;
    }
    return min + (0 | Math.random() * (max - min + 1));
  };

  // List of HTML entities for escaping.
  var entityMap = {
    escape: {
      '&': '&amp;',
      '<': '&lt;',
      '>': '&gt;',
      '"': '&quot;',
      "'": '&#x27;',
      '/': '&#x2F;'
    }
  };
  entityMap.unescape = _.invert(entityMap.escape);

  // Regexes containing the keys and values listed immediately above.
  var entityRegexes = {
    escape:   new RegExp('[' + _.keys(entityMap.escape).join('') + ']', 'g'),
    unescape: new RegExp('(' + _.keys(entityMap.unescape).join('|') + ')', 'g')
  };

  // Functions for escaping and unescaping strings to/from HTML interpolation.
  _.each(['escape', 'unescape'], function(method) {
    _[method] = function(string) {
      if (string == null) return '';
      return ('' + string).replace(entityRegexes[method], function(match) {
        return entityMap[method][match];
      });
    };
  });

  // If the value of the named property is a function then invoke it;
  // otherwise, return it.
  _.result = function(object, property) {
    if (object == null) return null;
    var value = object[property];
    return _.isFunction(value) ? value.call(object) : value;
  };

  // Add your own custom functions to the Underscore object.
  _.mixin = function(obj) {
    each(_.functions(obj), function(name){
      var func = _[name] = obj[name];
      _.prototype[name] = function() {
        var args = [this._wrapped];
        push.apply(args, arguments);
        return result.call(this, func.apply(_, args));
      };
    });
  };

  // Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session).
  // Useful for temporary DOM ids.
  var idCounter = 0;
  _.uniqueId = function(prefix) {
    var id = idCounter++;
    return prefix ? prefix + id : id;
  };

  // By default, Underscore uses ERB-style template delimiters, change the
  // following template settings to use alternative delimiters.
  _.templateSettings = {
    evaluate    : /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
    interpolate : /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
    escape      : /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g
  };

  // When customizing `templateSettings`, if you don't want to define an
  // interpolation, evaluation or escaping regex, we need one that is
  // guaranteed not to match.
  var noMatch = /(.)^/;

  // Certain characters need to be escaped so that they can be put into a
  // string literal.
  var escapes = {
    "'":      "'",
    '\\':     '\\',
    '\r':     'r',
    '\n':     'n',
    '\t':     't',
    '\u2028': 'u2028',
    '\u2029': 'u2029'
  };

  var escaper = /\\|'|\r|\n|\t|\u2028|\u2029/g;

  // JavaScript micro-templating, similar to John Resig's implementation.
  // Underscore templating handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves whitespace,
  // and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code.
  _.template = function(text, data, settings) {
    settings = _.defaults({}, settings, _.templateSettings);

    // Combine delimiters into one regular expression via alternation.
    var matcher = new RegExp([
      (settings.escape || noMatch).source,
      (settings.interpolate || noMatch).source,
      (settings.evaluate || noMatch).source
    ].join('|') + '|$', 'g');

    // Compile the template source, escaping string literals appropriately.
    var index = 0;
    var source = "__p+='";
    text.replace(matcher, function(match, escape, interpolate, evaluate, offset) {
      source += text.slice(index, offset)
        .replace(escaper, function(match) { return '\\' + escapes[match]; });
      source +=
        escape ? "'+\n((__t=(" + escape + "))==null?'':_.escape(__t))+\n'" :
        interpolate ? "'+\n((__t=(" + interpolate + "))==null?'':__t)+\n'" :
        evaluate ? "';\n" + evaluate + "\n__p+='" : '';
      index = offset + match.length;
    });
    source += "';\n";

    // If a variable is not specified, place data values in local scope.
    if (!settings.variable) source = 'with(obj||{}){\n' + source + '}\n';

    source = "var __t,__p='',__j=Array.prototype.join," +
      "print=function(){__p+=__j.call(arguments,'');};\n" +
      source + "return __p;\n";

    try {
      var render = new Function(settings.variable || 'obj', '_', source);
    } catch (e) {
      e.source = source;
      throw e;
    }

    if (data) return render(data, _);
    var template = function(data) {
      return render.call(this, data, _);
    };

    // Provide the compiled function source as a convenience for precompilation.
    template.source = 'function(' + (settings.variable || 'obj') + '){\n' + source + '}';

    return template;
  };

  // Add a "chain" function, which will delegate to the wrapper.
  _.chain = function(obj) {
    return _(obj).chain();
  };

  // OOP
  // ---------------
  // If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that
  // can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the
  // underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained.

  // Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results.
  var result = function(obj) {
    return this._chain ? _(obj).chain() : obj;
  };

  // Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object.
  _.mixin(_);

  // Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.
  each(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function(name) {
    var method = ArrayProto[name];
    _.prototype[name] = function() {
      var obj = this._wrapped;
      method.apply(obj, arguments);
      if ((name == 'shift' || name == 'splice') && obj.length === 0) delete obj[0];
      return result.call(this, obj);
    };
  });

  // Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.
  each(['concat', 'join', 'slice'], function(name) {
    var method = ArrayProto[name];
    _.prototype[name] = function() {
      return result.call(this, method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments));
    };
  });

  _.extend(_.prototype, {

    // Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object.
    chain: function() {
      this._chain = true;
      return this;
    },

    // Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object.
    value: function() {
      return this._wrapped;
    }

  });

 }).call(this);
I	have	a	dream	4
	have	a	dream	3
I	have	a	dream	2 ↑
	have	a		2 ↓
I	have	a		3
	createTangleControls = (id, options) ->
	new Tangle (document.getElementById "tangle-controls#{id}"),
	initialize: ->
	initialize @
	_.extend @, options

	update: -> update @, "#chart#{id}", "#content#{id}"



	initChart = (opts={}) ->

	sample0 = "I have a dream"
	sample1 = "How much wood would a woodchuck chuck If a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, And chuck as much as a woodchuck would If a woodchuck could chuck wood."
	sample2 = "Any one and any one, one and one and two, and one and one and one, and one and many, and one and some, and one and any one, and any one and any one, any one and any one is one and one is one and one is some one and some one is some one, any one and one and one and one, any one is that one and that one is that one and any one and one, and one and one, any one is the one and the one who is the one is that one. The one who is the one who is that one, any one and any one is one, one is one, one is that one, and any one, any one is one and one is one, and one and one, and one and one and one and one."
	sample3 = "On the first day of Christmas, my true love sent to me A partridge in a pear tree. On the second day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the third day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the fourth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the fifth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the sixth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the seventh day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the eighth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the ninth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Nine ladies dancing, Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the tenth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Ten lords a-leaping, Nine ladies dancing, Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the eleventh day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Eleven pipers piping, Ten lords a-leaping, Nine ladies dancing, Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the twelfth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Twelve drummers drumming, Eleven pipers piping, Ten lords a-leaping, Nine ladies dancing, Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree! "
	defsamp = sample1
	option_defaults =
	height: 0#500 # if 0 uses window height
	width: 0#1000 # if 0 uses window width
	offset: no # stack cells without natural overlap?
	tails: no # height of cell depends upon length of n-gram?
	white: yes # white border? (black if no)
	separateByType: no # use algo to maximize separation of cells by length
	onlyDuplicates: yes # only show n-grams with at least one other match
	heightByCount: no # height corresponds to ngram count (default is length)
	border: 0 # 0, 1, 5
	opacityFactor: 1 # 0-N
	opacityFloor: .2 # 0-1
	opacityMax: .8 # 0-1
	ngramMin: 2 # 2-N
	ngramMax: 100 # 2-N
	heightScale: 10
	yScale: 10
	sortAlgo: 3 # 1,2,3
	opacityAlgo: 2 # 0-1,2,3,4
	fillAlgo: 1 # 0,1,2,3
	sampleDiv: "#content" # name of the div the source is in
	sample: defsamp
	palette: "Pimp" # Ocean, Pimp, Radical, Pastel
	mutate: no # mutation on?

	options = _.extend {}, option_defaults, opts
	custom = no
	stackOffset = 0
	offState = {}
	headsState = {}
	colorState = {}
	openState = {}
	lastPalette = no
	colorPalette = no
	isRendering = no
	iteration = 1
	maxCount = 0
	height = width = colorIndex = cellHeight = cellWidth = max = min = 0
	margin = top: 50, right: 20, bottom: 150, left: 20


	reset = (resetColor=no) ->
	stackOffset = colorIndex = 0
	openState = {}
	colorState = {} if resetColor

	window.setOptions = (opts) ->
	reset (opts.paletteType isnt options.paletteType) or
	(opts.palette isnt options.palette)

	if opts.mutate isnt options.mutate
	isRendering = options.mutate

	options = _.extend {}, option_defaults, opts
	options.sample or= defsamp
	options.fillAlgo = if options.paletteType is "d3" then 2 else 1
	options.sortAlgo = 2 if options.separateByType
	d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]?.value = options.sample unless custom
	window.setopts or= {}
	window.setopts[opts.id] = _.extend {}, options
	window.chartrender no, no, (lastPalette isnt opts.palette)
	lastPalette = opts.palette

	d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]?.value = defsamp

	content = -> d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]?.value or options.sample

	window.chartrender = (doRandomize=no, resetSVG=no, resetPalette=no) ->
	if doRandomize or not colorPalette or resetPalette
	colorPalette = generateAndSortColors 64

	# xxx - work around for a bug where options is suddenly empty after N randomizations - todo: wtf
	if not options.sampleDiv then options = _.extend {}, window.setopts[options.id]
	options.sampleDiv or= "#content"
	d3.select("svg").call chart, (processData content(), doRandomize), resetSVG

	d3.select(window) .on "keyup", ->
	custom = yes
	# Regenerates the graph on word-break key events.
	if _([32, 46, 8, 13]) .contains d3.event.keyCode then _.defer -> window.chartrender()
	# Regenerates the rendering options if the ESC-key is pressed.
	if _([27]) .contains d3.event.keyCode then _.defer -> window.chartrender yes if (isRendering = !isRendering)

	# Generate colors (as Chroma.js objects) and sort by differentiation first.
	# Ported from example code at http://jiminy.medialab.sciences-po.fr/tools/palettes/palettes.php
	generateAndSortColors = (numberOfColors) ->
	# Some example palette configurations taken from above reference.
	pal = {
	"Pimp": {hclrange: [[0,360],[0.9,10],[0.4,10]], algo: 'kmeans'}
	"Pastel": {hclrange: [[0,360],[0,0.9],[1,10]], algo: 'kmeans'}
	"Radical": {hclrange: [[0,360],[0,10],[0,10]], algo: 'forcevector'}
	"Ocean": {hclrange: [[220,260],[0.3,10],[0.5,10]], algo: 'forcevector'}
	}[options.palette]

	colors = paletteGenerator.generate \
	numberOfColors,
	((color) ->
	hcl = color.hcl()
	(pal.hclrange[0][0] <= hcl[0] <= pal.hclrange[0][1]) and
	(pal.hclrange[1][0] <= hcl[1] <= pal.hclrange[1][1]) and
	(pal.hclrange[2][0] <= hcl[2] <= pal.hclrange[2][1])
	),
	pal.algo == 'forcevector',
	50
	# Return generated palette.
	paletteGenerator.diffSort colors

	# Initialize random seed, tokenizer and the color palette.
	tokenizer = new Tokenizer()
	# Optional: use content to seed randomizer.
	seed = -> Math.seedrandom content() # 'seed value'

	# These methods allow for quickly randomizing the styling/visualization
	# options, as well as "mutating" the current style by only randomizing
	# a few parameters at a time.
	mutateIndex = 0
	ngramMax = 100
	optKeys = _.without _(options).keys(), "ngramMin", "ngramMax", "width", "height", "margin"
	mutate = -> randomize (optKeys.sort -> .5-Math.random())[0..3]
	randomizeMutate = -> reset yes; if (not ++mutateIndex%3) then randomize() else mutate()
	automateMutate = (cycle) -> setInterval ( -> window.chartrender yes if isRendering), cycle or 2000
	rand = (items) -> items[Math.floor Math.random()*items.length]
	randomize = (keys) ->
	colorPalette = generateAndSortColors 64
	for key in keys or optKeys
	options[key] = switch key
	when "separateByType" then rand [yes, no, no]
	when "heightByCount" then rand [yes, no, no]
	when "offset" then rand [yes, no]
	when "tails" then rand [yes, no]
	when "border" then rand [0, 0, 1, 1, 5]
	when "white" then rand [yes, no]
	when "opacityFactor" then rand [0, 1, .5]
	when "opacityFloor" then rand [.2, .4]
	when "opacityMax" then rand [.4, .4, .6, .8, .95]
	when "sortAlgo" then rand [1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
	when "opacityAlgo" then rand [.2, .5, 1, 2, 3, 4]
	when "fillAlgo" then rand [0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3]
	when "palette" then rand ["Ocean", "Pimp", "Radical", "Pastel"]

	# Fix for any particularly obnoxious combinations.
	if (not options['white']) and (options['border'] is 5) then options['border'] = 1
	if (not options['fillAlgo']) then options['fillAlgo'] = rand [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3]
	if options['separateByType'] then options['tails'] = no
	console.log JSON.stringify options

	# Recalc on resize.
	d3.select(window).on "resize", _.throttle ( ->
	width = 0
	window.chartrender no, yes
	window.chartrender no, yes ), 100

	createSVG = ->
	bodyW = +d3.select("body").style('width').replace('px','')
	if 0 < options.width < 1
	width = bodyW * options.width
	height = options.height or bodyW/4
	else
	width = options.width or bodyW
	height = options.height or bodyW/4
	return null unless id = options.id
	d3.select("#{id} svg").remove()

	svg = d3.select(id).append("svg")
	.attr("width", width+20)
	.attr("height", height+margin.bottom)
	.append("g")
	.attr("transform", (d) -> "translate(0,0)")

	chart = (svg, data, resetSVG) ->
	# d3.select(".tooltip").remove()
	div = d3.select("body").append("div").attr("class", "tooltip")
	maxStart = _(data) .max (d) -> d.start
	minStart = _(data) .min (d) -> d.start
	return unless svg = createSVG()

	scale = \
	if options.separateByType
	if options.offset then 1 else .5
	else if options.offset
	if options.tails then .5 else .25
	else
	if options.tails then 1 else 1

	mousemove = (d) ->
	div .text((d.key.split '\/')[1..].join ' ')
	.style("left", "#{d3.event.pageX + 40}px")
	.style("top", "#{d3.event.pageY + 20}px")
	.style("color", (getFill d).toString())
	.style("border-color", (getFill d).toString())
	.style("opacity", .8)
	mouseout = ->
	div .style("opacity", 0)

	l = if maxStart then maxStart.start+maxStart.length else 0
	x = d3.scale.linear()
	.domain([0, cellWidth*(l or tokenizer.results.length)])
	.range([0, width])

	svg.select(".line").remove()
	if tokenizer.results.length < 200
	line = svg.selectAll(".line").data tokenizer.results
	line.enter().append("line")
	.attr("class", "line")
	.attr("x1", 0)
	.attr("y1", 30)
	.attr("x2", 0)
	.attr("y2", height+margin.top+margin.bottom)
	.style("stroke", -> if not maxStart?.start then "#99f" else "#ccc")
	.style("stroke-width", -> if not maxStart?.start then 2 else 1)
	.style("stroke-opacity", -> if not maxStart?.start then 1 else .25)
	.attr("transform", (d, i) -> "translate(#{x(i*cellWidth)+1},0)")

	if maxStart
	getYScale = (d) ->
	count = _(data) .reduce ((memo, obj) -> memo + (obj.length-1) ), 0
	y = d3.scale.linear()
	.domain([-max.length/scale, max.length/scale])
	.range([0, height])
	y2 = d3.scale.linear()
	.domain([0, -count*2])
	.range([0, height])
	y3 = d3.scale.linear()
	.domain([0, -count])
	.range([0, height])

	method = if options.separateByType then (if options.offset then y2 else y3) else y
	method options.yScale/10 * (getYOffset d)

	bars = svg.selectAll(".bar").data data
	bars.exit().remove()
	bars.enter().append("rect")
	bars.attr("class", "bar")
	.attr("x", (d) -> x(d.start*cellWidth)+1)
	.attr("y", (d) -> getYScale d)
	.attr("width", (d) -> x(d.length*cellWidth))
	.attr("height", (d) -> options.heightScale/10 * (getHeight d))
	.attr("transform", (d) -> "translate(0,#{margin.top})")
	.style("stroke", (d) -> if options.white then '#fff' else '#000')
	.style("stroke-width", (d) -> options.border)
	.style("fill", (d) -> getFill d)
	.attr("opacity", (d) -> getOpacity d)
	.on("mousemove", mousemove)
	.on("mouseout", mouseout)

	svg.select(".label").remove()
	if tokenizer.results.length < 200
	text = svg.selectAll(".label").data tokenizer.results
	text.enter().append("text")
	.attr("class", "label")
	.text( (d) -> d)
	.attr("font-size", (d, i) -> if not maxStart?.start then 20 else Math.max(20-tokenizer.results.length/2, 10))
	.attr("fill", (d, i) -> if not maxStart?.start then "#99f" else "#ccc")
	.attr("transform", (d, i) -> "translate(#{3+x(i*cellWidth)+1},30)rotate(-22.5)")


	processData = (rawData, doRandomize=no) ->
	newdata = []
	headsState = {}
	offState = {}
	colorIndex = 0

	min = options.ngramMin or 2
	max = options.ngramMax or 100

	randomizeMutate() if doRandomize
	tokenizer.clear()
	tokenizer.allgrams min, max, rawData

	values = \
	if options.onlyDuplicates
	tokenizer.getDuplicates()
	else
	tokenizer.getAllTokens()

	newdata .push _(values) .map (d) ->
	_(d.location) .map (item) ->
	key: d.key
	length: d.length
	count: d.location.length
	start: item
	data = \
	switch options.sortAlgo
	# by starting index
	when 1
	_(_.flatten newdata) .sortBy (d) -> d.start
	# by length, shortest-on-bottom
	when 2
	(_(_.flatten newdata) .sortBy (d) -> d.length)
	# by length, shortest-on-top
	when 3
	(_(_.flatten newdata) .sortBy (d) -> d.length) .reverse()

	maxCount = _(data) .max (d) -> d.count

	if max = (_(data) .max (d) -> d.length)
	cellWidth = Math.floor width/(data.length or tokenizer.results.length)
	cellHeight = if options.offset then height/max.length else height/max.length/4
	else
	cellWidth = cellHeight = 1
	data


	getHeight = (d) ->
	[value, mult] = if options.heightByCount then [d.count/maxCount.count+1, 3] else [d.length, 1]
	if options.separateByType then mult = .1
	mult * cellHeight *
	if options.tails
	if not options.offset
	(value-1) * 2
	else
	(value-1) / 2
	else
	if not options.offset
	2
	else
	1

	getOpacity = (d) ->
	switch options.opacityAlgo
	# algo #1
	when 2
	.2 + d3.min [.1, ((max.length-(_.min [max.length, d.length+2]))/(max.length*4))]
	# algo #2
	when 3
	d3.max [options.opacityFloor, options.opacityMax-options.opacityFactor*d.length/10]
	# algo #3
	when 4
	.2 + (1 - Math.abs(options.ngramMax-options.ngramMin)/10)/2
	# direct specification of opacity (from 0-1)
	else
	options.opacityAlgo

	# d3 color mapping for fill algo #2.
	color = d3.scale.ordinal()
	.domain(_(options.sample).map (d) -> d.key)
	.range(["#FF0080", "#00FF80", "#8000FF"])

	getFill = (d) ->
	switch options.fillAlgo
	# chroma.js color palette
	when 1
	# colorState[d.key] or= colorPalette[(++colorIndex)%d.length]
	colorState[d.key] or= colorPalette[(++colorIndex)%64]
	# d3 domain color palette
	when 2
	colorState[d.key] or= color d.key
	# red/blue color palette
	when 3
	colorState[d.key] or= if d.length%2 is 0 then '#2BFF00' else '#FF00DB'
	# mono color palette
	else
	colorState[d.key] or= colorPalette[mutateIndex%colorPalette.length]


	getYOffset = (d) ->
	offset = d.start%2 is 1
	key = d.key
	extra = 0

	if options.separateByType
	if options.offset
	stackOffset -= 2*(d.length-1)
	return stackOffset
	else
	return if openState[d.key] then openState[d.key] else
	stackOffset -= 2*(d.length-1)
	openState[d.key] = stackOffset

	headsState[key] = offset if headsState[key] is undefined
	side = if headsState[key] then 1 else -1

	if options.offset
	if options.heightByCount

	mult = options.yScale/10
	return if side is 1
	(d.length-2) * mult
	else
	(d.length-1) * -mult

	if options.tails and options.yScale is options.heightScale
	return if side is 1 then 0 else
	(d.length-1) * -2
	else
	return if side is 1
	(d.length) * 2 - 4
	else
	(d.length-1) * -2
	else
	return d.length * if options.tails then -1 else 1


	window.automateMutate = automateMutate
	automateMutate 2000
	window.chartrender no, yes
	body {
	font: 14px sans-serif;
	overflow: hidden;
	font-family:'Helvetica Nueue', 'Helvetica', 'Arial';
	background-color:#fff;
	color:#aaa;
	}
	textarea {
	outline: none;
	margin-top:50px;
	border: none;
	border-top: 2px solid #eee;
	background-color:#fff;
	font-size: 20px;
	color: #999;
	width: 100%;
	height: 100px;
	text-align: center;
	}
	svg {
	shape-rendering: crispEdges;
	text-align:center;
	overflow:visible;
	}
	#mutation:hover {
	background-color: #eee;
	}
	#mutation {
	cursor:pointer;
	font-size:14px;
	color:#666;
	border: 1px solid #ccc;
	border-radius:5px;
	padding:5px;
	margin:10px;
	}
	.content {
	height:auto;
	}

	/*
	* TangleKit.css
	* Tangle 0.1.0
	*
	* Created by Bret Victor on 6/10/11.
	* (c) 2011 Bret Victor. MIT open-source license.
	*
	*/

	.TKCursorDragHorizontal {
	cursor: pointer;
	cursor: move;
	cursor: col-resize;
	}
	.TKToggle {
	color: #46f;
	border-bottom: 1px dashed #46f;
	cursor: pointer;
	}
	.TKAdjustableNumber {
	position:relative;
	color: #46f;
	border-bottom: 1px dashed #46f;
	}
	.TKAdjustableNumberHover {
	}
	.TKAdjustableNumberDown {
	color: #00c;
	border-bottom: 1px dashed #00c;
	}
	.TKAdjustableNumberHelp {
	position:absolute;
	color: #00f;
	font: 9px "Helvetica-Neue", "Arial", sans-serif;
	}
	div.tooltip {
	position: absolute;
	text-align: center;
	width: auto;
	height: auto;
	padding: 8px;
	min-width:100px;
	font: 16px "Helvetica-Neue", "Arial", sans-serif;
	background: #fff;
	border: solid 1px #ddd;
	border-radius: 1px;
	pointer-events: none;
	line-height: 10px;
	opacity:0;
	}
	// Generated by CoffeeScript 1.8.0
	var createTangleControls, initChart;

	createTangleControls = function(id, options) {
	return new Tangle(document.getElementById("tangle-controls" + id), {
	initialize: function() {
	initialize(this);
	return _.extend(this, options);
	},
	update: function() {
	return update(this, "#chart" + id, "#content" + id);
	}
	});
	};

	initChart = function(opts) {
	var automateMutate, cellHeight, cellWidth, chart, color, colorIndex, colorPalette, colorState, content, createSVG, custom, defsamp, generateAndSortColors, getFill, getHeight, getOpacity, getYOffset, headsState, height, isRendering, iteration, lastPalette, margin, max, maxCount, min, mutate, mutateIndex, ngramMax, offState, openState, optKeys, option_defaults, options, processData, rand, randomize, randomizeMutate, reset, sample0, sample1, sample2, sample3, seed, stackOffset, tokenizer, width, _ref;
	if (opts == null) {
	opts = {};
	}
	sample0 = "I have a dream";
	sample1 = "How much wood would a woodchuck chuck If a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, And chuck as much as a woodchuck would If a woodchuck could chuck wood.";
	sample2 = "Any one and any one, one and one and two, and one and one and one, and one and many, and one and some, and one and any one, and any one and any one, any one and any one is one and one is one and one is some one and some one is some one, any one and one and one and one, any one is that one and that one is that one and any one and one, and one and one, any one is the one and the one who is the one is that one. The one who is the one who is that one, any one and any one is one, one is one, one is that one, and any one, any one is one and one is one, and one and one, and one and one and one and one.";
	sample3 = "On the first day of Christmas, my true love sent to me A partridge in a pear tree. On the second day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the third day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the fourth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the fifth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the sixth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the seventh day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the eighth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the ninth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Nine ladies dancing, Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the tenth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Ten lords a-leaping, Nine ladies dancing, Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the eleventh day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Eleven pipers piping, Ten lords a-leaping, Nine ladies dancing, Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree. On the twelfth day of Christmas, my true love sent to me Twelve drummers drumming, Eleven pipers piping, Ten lords a-leaping, Nine ladies dancing, Eight maids a-milking, Seven swans a-swimming, Six geese a-laying, Five golden rings, Four calling birds, Three French hens, Two turtle doves, And a partridge in a pear tree! ";
	defsamp = sample1;
	option_defaults = {
	height: 0,
	width: 0,
	offset: false,
	tails: false,
	white: true,
	separateByType: false,
	onlyDuplicates: true,
	heightByCount: false,
	border: 0,
	opacityFactor: 1,
	opacityFloor: .2,
	opacityMax: .8,
	ngramMin: 2,
	ngramMax: 100,
	heightScale: 10,
	yScale: 10,
	sortAlgo: 3,
	opacityAlgo: 2,
	fillAlgo: 1,
	sampleDiv: "#content",
	sample: defsamp,
	palette: "Pimp",
	mutate: false
	};
	options = _.extend({}, option_defaults, opts);
	custom = false;
	stackOffset = 0;
	offState = {};
	headsState = {};
	colorState = {};
	openState = {};
	lastPalette = false;
	colorPalette = false;
	isRendering = false;
	iteration = 1;
	maxCount = 0;
	height = width = colorIndex = cellHeight = cellWidth = max = min = 0;
	margin = {
	top: 50,
	right: 20,
	bottom: 150,
	left: 20
	};
	reset = function(resetColor) {
	if (resetColor == null) {
	resetColor = false;
	}
	stackOffset = colorIndex = 0;
	openState = {};
	if (resetColor) {
	return colorState = {};
	}
	};
	window.setOptions = function(opts) {
	var _ref;
	reset((opts.paletteType !== options.paletteType) \|\| (opts.palette !== options.palette));
	if (opts.mutate !== options.mutate) {
	isRendering = options.mutate;
	}
	options = _.extend({}, option_defaults, opts);
	options.sample \|\| (options.sample = defsamp);
	options.fillAlgo = options.paletteType === "d3" ? 2 : 1;
	if (options.separateByType) {
	options.sortAlgo = 2;
	}
	if (!custom) {
	if ((_ref = d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]) != null) {
	_ref.value = options.sample;
	}
	}
	window.setopts \|\| (window.setopts = {});
	window.setopts[opts.id] = _.extend({}, options);
	window.chartrender(false, false, lastPalette !== opts.palette);
	return lastPalette = opts.palette;
	};
	if ((_ref = d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]) != null) {
	_ref.value = defsamp;
	}
	content = function() {
	var _ref1;
	return ((_ref1 = d3.select(options.sampleDiv)[0][0]) != null ? _ref1.value : void 0) \|\| options.sample;
	};
	window.chartrender = function(doRandomize, resetSVG, resetPalette) {
	if (doRandomize == null) {
	doRandomize = false;
	}
	if (resetSVG == null) {
	resetSVG = false;
	}
	if (resetPalette == null) {
	resetPalette = false;
	}
	if (doRandomize \|\| !colorPalette \|\| resetPalette) {
	colorPalette = generateAndSortColors(64);
	}
	if (!options.sampleDiv) {
	options = _.extend({}, window.setopts[options.id]);
	}
	options.sampleDiv \|\| (options.sampleDiv = "#content");
	return d3.select("svg").call(chart, processData(content(), doRandomize), resetSVG);
	};
	d3.select(window).on("keyup", function() {
	custom = true;
	if (_([32, 46, 8, 13]).contains(d3.event.keyCode)) {
	_.defer(function() {
	return window.chartrender();
	});
	}
	if (_([27]).contains(d3.event.keyCode)) {
	return _.defer(function() {
	if ((isRendering = !isRendering)) {
	return window.chartrender(true);
	}
	});
	}
	});
	generateAndSortColors = function(numberOfColors) {
	var colors, pal;
	pal = {
	"Pimp": {
	hclrange: [[0, 360], [0.9, 10], [0.4, 10]],
	algo: 'kmeans'
	},
	"Pastel": {
	hclrange: [[0, 360], [0, 0.9], [1, 10]],
	algo: 'kmeans'
	},
	"Radical": {
	hclrange: [[0, 360], [0, 10], [0, 10]],
	algo: 'forcevector'
	},
	"Ocean": {
	hclrange: [[220, 260], [0.3, 10], [0.5, 10]],
	algo: 'forcevector'
	}
	}[options.palette];
	colors = paletteGenerator.generate(numberOfColors, (function(color) {
	var hcl, _ref1, _ref2, _ref3;
	hcl = color.hcl();
	return ((pal.hclrange[0][0] <= (_ref1 = hcl[0]) && _ref1 <= pal.hclrange[0][1])) && ((pal.hclrange[1][0] <= (_ref2 = hcl[1]) && _ref2 <= pal.hclrange[1][1])) && ((pal.hclrange[2][0] <= (_ref3 = hcl[2]) && _ref3 <= pal.hclrange[2][1]));
	}), pal.algo === 'forcevector', 50);
	return paletteGenerator.diffSort(colors);
	};
	tokenizer = new Tokenizer();
	seed = function() {
	return Math.seedrandom(content());
	};
	mutateIndex = 0;
	ngramMax = 100;
	optKeys = _.without(_(options).keys(), "ngramMin", "ngramMax", "width", "height", "margin");
	mutate = function() {
	return randomize((optKeys.sort(function() {
	return .5 - Math.random();
	})).slice(0, 4));
	};
	randomizeMutate = function() {
	reset(true);
	if (!++mutateIndex % 3) {
	return randomize();
	} else {
	return mutate();
	}
	};
	automateMutate = function(cycle) {
	return setInterval((function() {
	if (isRendering) {
	return window.chartrender(true);
	}
	}), cycle \|\| 2000);
	};
	rand = function(items) {
	return items[Math.floor(Math.random() * items.length)];
	};
	randomize = function(keys) {
	var key, _i, _len, _ref1;
	colorPalette = generateAndSortColors(64);
	_ref1 = keys \|\| optKeys;
	for (_i = 0, _len = _ref1.length; _i < _len; _i++) {
	key = _ref1[_i];
	options[key] = (function() {
	switch (key) {
	case "separateByType":
	return rand([true, false, false]);
	case "heightByCount":
	return rand([true, false, false]);
	case "offset":
	return rand([true, false]);
	case "tails":
	return rand([true, false]);
	case "border":
	return rand([0, 0, 1, 1, 5]);
	case "white":
	return rand([true, false]);
	case "opacityFactor":
	return rand([0, 1, .5]);
	case "opacityFloor":
	return rand([.2, .4]);
	case "opacityMax":
	return rand([.4, .4, .6, .8, .95]);
	case "sortAlgo":
	return rand([1, 2, 3, 3, 3]);
	case "opacityAlgo":
	return rand([.2, .5, 1, 2, 3, 4]);
	case "fillAlgo":
	return rand([0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3]);
	case "palette":
	return rand(["Ocean", "Pimp", "Radical", "Pastel"]);
	}
	})();
	}
	if ((!options['white']) && (options['border'] === 5)) {
	options['border'] = 1;
	}
	if (!options['fillAlgo']) {
	options['fillAlgo'] = rand([0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3]);
	}
	if (options['separateByType']) {
	options['tails'] = false;
	}
	return console.log(JSON.stringify(options));
	};
	d3.select(window).on("resize", _.throttle((function() {
	width = 0;
	window.chartrender(false, true);
	return window.chartrender(false, true);
	}), 100));
	createSVG = function() {
	var bodyW, id, svg, _ref1;
	bodyW = +d3.select("body").style('width').replace('px', '');
	if ((0 < (_ref1 = options.width) && _ref1 < 1)) {
	width = bodyW * options.width;
	height = options.height \|\| bodyW / 4;
	} else {
	width = options.width \|\| bodyW;
	height = options.height \|\| bodyW / 4;
	}
	if (!(id = options.id)) {
	return null;
	}
	d3.select("" + id + " svg").remove();
	return svg = d3.select(id).append("svg").attr("width", width + 20).attr("height", height + margin.bottom).append("g").attr("transform", function(d) {
	return "translate(0,0)";
	});
	};
	chart = function(svg, data, resetSVG) {
	var bars, div, getYScale, l, line, maxStart, minStart, mousemove, mouseout, scale, text, x;
	div = d3.select("body").append("div").attr("class", "tooltip");
	maxStart = _(data).max(function(d) {
	return d.start;
	});
	minStart = _(data).min(function(d) {
	return d.start;
	});
	if (!(svg = createSVG())) {
	return;
	}
	scale = options.separateByType ? options.offset ? 1 : .5 : options.offset ? options.tails ? .5 : .25 : options.tails ? 1 : 1;
	mousemove = function(d) {
	return div.text((d.key.split('\/')).slice(1).join(' ')).style("left", "" + (d3.event.pageX + 40) + "px").style("top", "" + (d3.event.pageY + 20) + "px").style("color", (getFill(d)).toString()).style("border-color", (getFill(d)).toString()).style("opacity", .8);
	};
	mouseout = function() {
	return div.style("opacity", 0);
	};
	l = maxStart ? maxStart.start + maxStart.length : 0;
	x = d3.scale.linear().domain([0, cellWidth * (l \|\| tokenizer.results.length)]).range([0, width]);
	svg.select(".line").remove();
	if (tokenizer.results.length < 200) {
	line = svg.selectAll(".line").data(tokenizer.results);
	line.enter().append("line").attr("class", "line").attr("x1", 0).attr("y1", 30).attr("x2", 0).attr("y2", height + margin.top + margin.bottom).style("stroke", function() {
	if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
	return "#99f";
	} else {
	return "#ccc";
	}
	}).style("stroke-width", function() {
	if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
	return 2;
	} else {
	return 1;
	}
	}).style("stroke-opacity", function() {
	if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
	return 1;
	} else {
	return .25;
	}
	}).attr("transform", function(d, i) {
	return "translate(" + (x(i * cellWidth) + 1) + ",0)";
	});
	}
	if (maxStart) {
	getYScale = function(d) {
	var count, method, y, y2, y3;
	count = _(data).reduce((function(memo, obj) {
	return memo + (obj.length - 1);
	}), 0);
	y = d3.scale.linear().domain([-max.length / scale, max.length / scale]).range([0, height]);
	y2 = d3.scale.linear().domain([0, -count * 2]).range([0, height]);
	y3 = d3.scale.linear().domain([0, -count]).range([0, height]);
	method = options.separateByType ? (options.offset ? y2 : y3) : y;
	return method(options.yScale / 10 * (getYOffset(d)));
	};
	bars = svg.selectAll(".bar").data(data);
	bars.exit().remove();
	bars.enter().append("rect");
	bars.attr("class", "bar").attr("x", function(d) {
	return x(d.start * cellWidth) + 1;
	}).attr("y", function(d) {
	return getYScale(d);
	}).attr("width", function(d) {
	return x(d.length * cellWidth);
	}).attr("height", function(d) {
	return options.heightScale / 10 * (getHeight(d));
	}).attr("transform", function(d) {
	return "translate(0," + margin.top + ")";
	}).style("stroke", function(d) {
	if (options.white) {
	return '#fff';
	} else {
	return '#000';
	}
	}).style("stroke-width", function(d) {
	return options.border;
	}).style("fill", function(d) {
	return getFill(d);
	}).attr("opacity", function(d) {
	return getOpacity(d);
	}).on("mousemove", mousemove).on("mouseout", mouseout);
	}
	svg.select(".label").remove();
	if (tokenizer.results.length < 200) {
	text = svg.selectAll(".label").data(tokenizer.results);
	return text.enter().append("text").attr("class", "label").text(function(d) {
	return d;
	}).attr("font-size", function(d, i) {
	if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
	return 20;
	} else {
	return Math.max(20 - tokenizer.results.length / 2, 10);
	}
	}).attr("fill", function(d, i) {
	if (!(maxStart != null ? maxStart.start : void 0)) {
	return "#99f";
	} else {
	return "#ccc";
	}
	}).attr("transform", function(d, i) {
	return "translate(" + (3 + x(i * cellWidth) + 1) + ",30)rotate(-22.5)";
	});
	}
	};
	processData = function(rawData, doRandomize) {
	var data, newdata, values;
	if (doRandomize == null) {
	doRandomize = false;
	}
	newdata = [];
	headsState = {};
	offState = {};
	colorIndex = 0;
	min = options.ngramMin \|\| 2;
	max = options.ngramMax \|\| 100;
	if (doRandomize) {
	randomizeMutate();
	}
	tokenizer.clear();
	tokenizer.allgrams(min, max, rawData);
	values = options.onlyDuplicates ? tokenizer.getDuplicates() : tokenizer.getAllTokens();
	newdata.push(_(values).map(function(d) {
	return _(d.location).map(function(item) {
	return {
	key: d.key,
	length: d.length,
	count: d.location.length,
	start: item
	};
	});
	}));
	data = (function() {
	switch (options.sortAlgo) {
	case 1:
	return _(_.flatten(newdata)).sortBy(function(d) {
	return d.start;
	});
	case 2:
	return _(_.flatten(newdata)).sortBy(function(d) {
	return d.length;
	});
	case 3:
	return (_(_.flatten(newdata)).sortBy(function(d) {
	return d.length;
	})).reverse();
	}
	})();
	maxCount = _(data).max(function(d) {
	return d.count;
	});
	if (max = _(data).max(function(d) {
	return d.length;
	})) {
	cellWidth = Math.floor(width / (data.length \|\| tokenizer.results.length));
	cellHeight = options.offset ? height / max.length : height / max.length / 4;
	} else {
	cellWidth = cellHeight = 1;
	}
	return data;
	};
	getHeight = function(d) {
	var mult, value, _ref1;
	_ref1 = options.heightByCount ? [d.count / maxCount.count + 1, 3] : [d.length, 1], value = _ref1[0], mult = _ref1[1];
	if (options.separateByType) {
	mult = .1;
	}
	return mult * cellHeight * (options.tails ? !options.offset ? (value - 1) * 2 : (value - 1) / 2 : !options.offset ? 2 : 1);
	};
	getOpacity = function(d) {
	switch (options.opacityAlgo) {
	case 2:
	return .2 + d3.min([.1, (max.length - (_.min([max.length, d.length + 2]))) / (max.length * 4)]);
	case 3:
	return d3.max([options.opacityFloor, options.opacityMax - options.opacityFactor * d.length / 10]);
	case 4:
	return .2 + (1 - Math.abs(options.ngramMax - options.ngramMin) / 10) / 2;
	default:
	return options.opacityAlgo;
	}
	};
	color = d3.scale.ordinal().domain(_(options.sample).map(function(d) {
	return d.key;
	})).range(["#FF0080", "#00FF80", "#8000FF"]);
	getFill = function(d) {
	var _name, _name1, _name2, _name3;
	switch (options.fillAlgo) {
	case 1:
	return colorState[_name = d.key] \|\| (colorState[_name] = colorPalette[(++colorIndex) % 64]);
	case 2:
	return colorState[_name1 = d.key] \|\| (colorState[_name1] = color(d.key));
	case 3:
	return colorState[_name2 = d.key] \|\| (colorState[_name2] = d.length % 2 === 0 ? '#2BFF00' : '#FF00DB');
	default:
	return colorState[_name3 = d.key] \|\| (colorState[_name3] = colorPalette[mutateIndex % colorPalette.length]);
	}
	};
	getYOffset = function(d) {
	var extra, key, mult, offset, side;
	offset = d.start % 2 === 1;
	key = d.key;
	extra = 0;
	if (options.separateByType) {
	if (options.offset) {
	stackOffset -= 2 * (d.length - 1);
	return stackOffset;
	} else {
	if (openState[d.key]) {
	return openState[d.key];
	} else {
	stackOffset -= 2 * (d.length - 1);
	return openState[d.key] = stackOffset;
	}
	}
	}
	if (headsState[key] === void 0) {
	headsState[key] = offset;
	}
	side = headsState[key] ? 1 : -1;
	if (options.offset) {
	if (options.heightByCount) {
	mult = options.yScale / 10;
	if (side === 1) {
	return (d.length - 2) * mult;
	} else {
	return (d.length - 1) * -mult;
	}
	}
	if (options.tails && options.yScale === options.heightScale) {
	if (side === 1) {
	return 0;
	} else {
	return (d.length - 1) * -2;
	}
	} else {
	if (side === 1) {
	return d.length * 2 - 4;
	} else {
	return (d.length - 1) * -2;
	}
	}
	} else {
	return d.length * (options.tails ? -1 : 1);
	}
	};
	window.automateMutate = automateMutate;
	automateMutate(2000);
	return window.chartrender(false, true);
	};
	/**
	chroma.palette-gen.js - a palette generator for data scientists
	based on Chroma.js HCL color space
	Copyright (C) 2012 Mathieu Jacomy

	The JavaScript code in this page is free software: you can
	redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
	General Public License (GNU GPL) as published by the Free Software
	Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
	any later version. The code is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
	without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
	FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU GPL for more details.

	As additional permission under GNU GPL version 3 section 7, you
	may distribute non-source (e.g., minimized or compacted) forms of
	that code without the copy of the GNU GPL normally required by
	section 4, provided you include this license notice and a URL
	through which recipients can access the Corresponding Source.
	*/

	// v0.1
	var paletteGenerator={generate:function(e,t,n,r){if(e===undefined)e=8;if(t===undefined)t=function(e){return true};if(n===undefined)n=false;if(r===undefined)r=50;if(n){var s=[];function o(e){var n=chroma.lab(e[0],e[1],e[2]);return!isNaN(n.rgb[0])&&n.rgb[0]>=0&&n.rgb[1]>=0&&n.rgb[2]>=0&&n.rgb[0]<256&&n.rgb[1]<256&&n.rgb[2]<256&&t(n)}var u={};for(i=0;i<e;i++){var f=[Math.random(),2Math.random()-1,2Math.random()-1];while(!o(f)){f=[Math.random(),2Math.random()-1,2Math.random()-1]}s.push(f)}var c=.2;var h=.05;var p=r20;while(p-->0){for(i=0;i<s.length;i++){u[i]={dl:0,da:0,db:0}}for(i=0;i<s.length;i++){var d=s[i];for(j=0;j<i;j++){var v=s[j];var m=d[0]-v[0];var g=d[1]-v[1];var y=d[2]-v[2];var w=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(m,2)+Math.pow(g,2)+Math.pow(y,2));if(w>0){var E=c/Math.pow(w,2);u[i].dl+=mE/w;u[i].da+=gE/w;u[i].db+=yE/w;u[j].dl-=mE/w;u[j].da-=gE/w;u[j].db-=yE/w}else{u[j].dl+=.02-.04Math.random();u[j].da+=.02-.04Math.random();u[j].db+=.02-.04Math.random()}}}for(i=0;i<s.length;i++){var f=s[i];var S=hMath.sqrt(Math.pow(u[i].dl,2)+Math.pow(u[i].da,2)+Math.pow(u[i].db,2));if(S>0){var x=hMath.min(.1,S)/S;candidateLab=[f[0]+u[i].dlx,f[1]+u[i].dax,f[2]+u[i].dbx];if(o(candidateLab)){s[i]=candidateLab}}}}return s.map(function(e){return chroma.lab(e[0],e[1],e[2])})}else{function T(e){var n=e.lab();var r=e.hcl();return!isNaN(e.rgb[0])&&e.rgb[0]>=0&&e.rgb[1]>=0&&e.rgb[2]>=0&&e.rgb[0]<256&&e.rgb[1]<256&&e.rgb[2]<256&&t(e)}var N=[];for(i=0;i<e;i++){var C=[Math.random(),2Math.random()-1,2Math.random()-1];while(!T(chroma.lab(C))){C=[Math.random(),2Math.random()-1,2*Math.random()-1]}N.push(C)}var k=[];var L=[];for(l=0;l<=1;l+=.05){for(a=-1;a<=1;a+=.1){for(b=-1;b<=1;b+=.1){if(T(chroma.lab(l,a,b))){k.push([l,a,b]);L.push(null)}}}}var p=r;while(p-->0){for(i=0;i<k.length;i++){var C=k[i];var A=1e6;for(j=0;j<N.length;j++){var O=N[j];var M=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(C[0]-O[0],2)+Math.pow(C[1]-O[1],2)+Math.pow(C[2]-O[2],2));if(M<A){A=M;L[i]=j}}}var _=k.slice(0);for(j=0;j<N.length;j++){var D=0;var P=[0,0,0];for(i=0;i<k.length;i++){if(L[i]==j){D++;P[0]+=k[i][0];P[1]+=k[i][1];P[2]+=k[i][2]}}if(D!=0){P[0]/=D;P[1]/=D;P[2]/=D}if(D!=0&&T(chroma.lab(P[0],P[1],P[2]))&&P){N[j]=P}else{if(_.length>0){var A=1e10;var H=-1;for(i=0;i<_.length;i++){var M=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(_[i][0]-P[0],2)+Math.pow(_[i][1]-P[1],2)+Math.pow(_[i][2]-P[2],2));if(M<A){A=M;H=i}}N[j]=k[H]}else{var A=1e10;var H=-1;for(i=0;i<k.length;i++){var M=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(k[i][0]-P[0],2)+Math.pow(k[i][1]-P[1],2)+Math.pow(k[i][2]-P[2],2));if(M<A){A=M;H=i}}N[j]=k[H]}}_=_.filter(function(e){return e[0]!=N[j][0]\|\|e[1]!=N[j][1]\|\|e[2]!=N[j][2]})}}return N.map(function(e){return chroma.lab(e[0],e[1],e[2])})}},diffSort:function(e){var t=[e.shift()];while(e.length>0){var n=-1;var r=-1;for(candidate_index=0;candidate_index<e.length;candidate_index++){var s=1e9;for(i=0;i<t.length;i++){var o=e[candidate_index].lab();var u=t[i].lab();var a=o[0]-u[0];var f=o[1]-u[1];var l=o[2]-u[2];s=Math.min(s,Math.sqrt(Math.pow(a,2)+Math.pow(f,2)+Math.pow(l,2)))}if(s>r){r=s;n=candidate_index}}var c=e[n];t.push(c);e=e.filter(function(e,t){return t!=n})}return t}}
	<!DOCTYPE html>
	<html>
	<head>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
	<script type="text/javascript" src="d3.v3.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="underscore.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="chroma.pack.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="chroma.palette-gen.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="tanglekitfull.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="natural.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="chart.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript">

	setUpTangle = function() {

	initChart({'palette':'Radical'})
	var tangle = new Tangle(document.getElementById("tangle-controls"), {

	initialize: function() {
	this.isStacked = true;
	this.isOpened = false;
	this.isTails = true;
	this.isSeparateByType = false;
	this.paletteType = 1;
	this.whichPalette = 1;
	this.ngramMin = 2;
	this.ngramMax = 10;
	},

	update: function() {
	setOptions({ngramMin: this.ngramMin, ngramMax: this.ngramMax, opened:this.isOpened, stack:this.isStacked, tails:this.isTails, paletteType:(this.paletteType == 1)?"chroma":"d3", id:"#chart2", separateByType:this.isSeparateByType, palette:(this.whichPalette == 1)?"Pimp":"Radical"})
	}
	})
	}
	</script>
	<link href="chart.css" rel="stylesheet" />
	</head>
	<body onload="setUpTangle()">
	<chart id="chart2"></chart>
	<table>
	<tr>
	<td style="vertical-align:top" width="33%">
	<div class='controls'><div>
	<i>Mutation generates progressively-altered variations, one every two seconds:</i>
	</div><br>
	<span id='mutation' onclick='onMutation()'>Turn mutation <b>on</b></span><p> </p>
	<!-- <div > <i>Reload the page to regenerate the palette.</i> </div> -->
	</div>
	</td>
	<td style="vertical-align:top" width="67%">
	<div id="tangle-controls">
	Displaying n-grams between <span data-var="ngramMin" class="TKAdjustableNumber" data-min="2" data-max="10"> words</span> and <span data-var="ngramMax" class="TKAdjustableNumber" data-min="2" data-max="10"> words</span>, using the
	<span data-var="isSeparateByType" class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>default</span><span>'separate by type'</span></span> layout. The n-grams are rendered with
	<span data-var="isTails" class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>no tails</span><span>tails</span></span>,
	<span data-var="isOpened" class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>closed</span><span>opened</span></span>
	and <span data-var="isStacked" class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>stacked</span><span>not stacked</span></span>, and use the color palette from
	<span data-var="paletteType" class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>d3</span><span>chroma</span></span> named
	'<span data-var="whichPalette" class="TKToggle TKSwitch"><span>pimp</span><span>pastel</span></span>' (chroma only).
	Press <b>mutate</b> for even more combinations, or <b>enter your own text</b> to visualize below:
	<textarea id="content1"></textarea>
	</div>
	</td>
	</tr>
	</table>

	<textarea id="content"></textarea>

	</body>
	</html>
	# Super-simple un-optimized ngram finder.
	# Inspired by natural.js NLP by Rob Ellis and Chris Umbel. (http://css.dzone.com/articles/using-natural-nlp-module)

	class Tokenizer
	constructor: -> [@results, @cache, @words] = [{}, {}, {}]
	clear: -> [@results, @cache, @words] = [{}, {}, {}]
	tokenize: (s) ->
	[breakRE, punctRE] = [/[\s\n\r.,?!&()]+/, /[,?!@#$%^&*()]/]
	@results = _(_(s.split breakRE).without '', ' ').map (w) -> w.replace(punctRE, '').toLowerCase()
	@results
	getDuplicates: -> c = (_(@cache).filter (result) -> result.location.length > 1); c or []
	getAllTokens: -> @cache
	allgrams: (min, max, sequence) -> for n in [min..max] then @ngrams n, sequence
	trigrams: (sequence) -> @ngrams 3, sequence
	bigrams: (sequence) -> @ngrams 2, sequence
	ngrams: (n, sequence) ->
	sequence = @tokenize sequence unless _(sequence).isArray()
	_([0..._.max([0, sequence.length-n+1])]) .map (i) =>
	seq = sequence[i...i+n]
	key = "#{n}/#{seq.join '/'}"
	# @words[]
	(@cache[key] or= location:[], key:key, length:n).location.push i
	seq
	// Generated by CoffeeScript 1.7.1
	var Tokenizer;

	Tokenizer = (function() {
	function Tokenizer() {
	var _ref;
	_ref = [{}, {}, {}], this.results = _ref[0], this.cache = _ref[1], this.words = _ref[2];
	}

	Tokenizer.prototype.clear = function() {
	var _ref;
	return _ref = [{}, {}, {}], this.results = _ref[0], this.cache = _ref[1], this.words = _ref[2], _ref;
	};

	Tokenizer.prototype.tokenize = function(s) {
	var breakRE, punctRE, _ref;
	_ref = [/[\s\n\r.,?!&()]+/, /[,?!@#$%^&*()]/], breakRE = _ref[0], punctRE = _ref[1];
	this.results = _(_(s.split(breakRE)).without('', ' ')).map(function(w) {
	return w.replace(punctRE, '').toLowerCase();
	});
	return this.results;
	};

	Tokenizer.prototype.getDuplicates = function() {
	var c;
	c = _(this.cache).filter(function(result) {
	return result.location.length > 1;
	});
	return c \|\| [];
	};

	Tokenizer.prototype.getAllTokens = function() {
	return this.cache;
	};

	Tokenizer.prototype.allgrams = function(min, max, sequence) {
	var n, _i, _results;
	_results = [];
	for (n = _i = min; min <= max ? _i <= max : _i >= max; n = min <= max ? ++_i : --_i) {
	_results.push(this.ngrams(n, sequence));
	}
	return _results;
	};

	Tokenizer.prototype.trigrams = function(sequence) {
	return this.ngrams(3, sequence);
	};

	Tokenizer.prototype.bigrams = function(sequence) {
	return this.ngrams(2, sequence);
	};

	Tokenizer.prototype.ngrams = function(n, sequence) {
	var _i, _ref, _results;
	if (!_(sequence).isArray()) {
	sequence = this.tokenize(sequence);
	}
	return _((function() {
	_results = [];
	for (var _i = 0, _ref = _.max([0, sequence.length - n + 1]); 0 <= _ref ? _i < _ref : _i > _ref; 0 <= _ref ? _i++ : _i--){ _results.push(_i); }
	return _results;
	}).apply(this)).map((function(_this) {
	return function(i) {
	var key, seq, _base;
	seq = sequence.slice(i, i + n);
	key = "" + n + "/" + (seq.join('/'));
	((_base = _this.cache)[key] \|\| (_base[key] = {
	location: [],
	key: key,
	length: n
	})).location.push(i);
	return seq;
	};
	})(this));
	};

	return Tokenizer;

	})();