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| # init a dict | |
| d = dict() | |
| d = {} | |
| d = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'} # like js object | |
| # get | |
| d['Name'] # 'Zara' | |
| d['Gender'] # KeyError # Don't use this | |
| # dict.get(key, default=None) | |
| d.get('Name') # 'Zara' | |
| d.get('Gender') # None | |
| d.get('Gender', 'male') # 'male' | |
| # set | |
| d['Age'] = 8 | |
| # get if exist, set if not exist | |
| # dict.setdefault(key, default=None) | |
| d.setdefault('Age', 0) # return 0, but d['Age'] is kept 8 | |
| d.setdefault('Gender', 'male') # d['Gender'] = 'male' and return 'male' | |
| # get all keys as list | |
| d.keys() | |
| # get all values as list | |
| d.values() | |
| # get all key-value pairs | |
| d.iteritems() | |
| # iterate through all key-value pairs | |
| for key, value in d.iteritems(): | |
| # set default values as lists (dict, tuple, etc.) | |
| s = defaultdict(list) | |
| count = [('apple', 5), ('bird', 4), ('cow', 3)] | |
| for k, v in count: | |
| # set s[k] and init as [] | |
| s[k].append(v) | |
| # s['apple'] = [5], s['bird'] = [4], s['cow'] = [3] |
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