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README.md

Second lecture for 159.707

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<div class="deck-container">
<!-- Begin slides. Just make elements with a class of slide. -->
<section class='slide no-md'>
<h1>
159.707
<br>
<span style="font-size: .2em; color: #c00;"> Dynamic typing case study (Ruby), Convention over Configuration (RubyOnRails) </span>
</h1>
</section>
<section class='slide no-md'>
<h2> About me </h2>
<ul>
<li> Graham Jenson </li>
<li> B.Sc. Hons 2008 </li>
<li> Ph.D. 2013 </li>
<li> Contracting Consultant </li>
<li> Startup </li>
<li> Marketing Enterprise Company</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class='slide no-md'>
<h2>159.707 Advanced Software Design and Construction</h2>
<ul>
<li><strike>25 Feb: Component Evolution (Graham’s thesis) and recent industry experience </strike></li>
<li>4 March: Dynamic typing case study (Ruby), Convention over Configuration (RubyOnRails)</li>
<li>11 March: Design Patterns in Modern Web Applications (coffeescript, backbone, ember, angular, node.js)</li>
<li>18 March: Architecture, refurbishing/replacing legacy systems </li>
<li> 1 April: Agile Methodologies (SCRUM , Kanban) </li>
<li> 8 April: Data visualisation with D3 </li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class='slide no-md'>
<h2>Today</h2>
<ul>
<li>Ruby Introduction</li>
<li>Rails Practical</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class='slide no-md'>
<h1>Ruby Introduction
<br>
<span style="font-size: .2em; color: #c00;"> Why it makes me happy </span>
</h1>
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##My Experience With Ruby
* I am Productive
* I write beautiful code
> This makes me happy
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##History of Ruby
![Matz!](https://maorigeek.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/220px-Yukihiro_Matsumoto.JPG_1393727403.jpg)
Yukihiro Matsumoto (**Matz**) in **1993** conceived of the a programming language that is made for developer happiness and productivity.
This makes Ruby older than Java, Javascript, and PHP; all created in 1995.
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##History of Ruby
Matz took inspiration from Perl and SmallTalk
* **Perl** optional parentheses and the close shell integration;
* **SmallTalk** he took object orientation and its emphasis on message passing.
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##History of Ruby
The first Ruby implementation, known as the "Matz Ruby Implementation" (**MRI**), was initially seen as the reference implementation of Ruby. From MRI many other implementations were created:
* **JRuby**: Java Virtual Machine implementation
* **Rubinius**: Mostly pure Ruby to LLVM machine code
* **IronRuby**: .NET implementation
* **MagLev**: SmallTalk implementation
</section>
<section class='slide'>
#Community
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Community
> Matz is nice, so we are nice.
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Community
* Loads of Books
* Heaps of online resources
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Community
> Learning how to program, thats the easy part. Learning how to be a programmer, thats the advanced stuff. Thats what gets you to the next level, I think we should work on that.
"Soft Talks"
* [Disabilities](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6cdbx1BmboQ) by James Edward Grey II
* [Developers and Depression](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yFIa-Mc2KSk) by Greg Baugues
* [Loyalty and Layoffs](http://rubyrogues.com/125-rr-loyalty-and-layoffs/) by the Ruby Rogues
</section>
<section class='slide'>
#Productivity
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Productivity
> When cycling, either there is a headwind or you are having a good day. I am always ready to take a wind assisted ride as my accomplishment, as if I really am that strong. But I can't forget that if my doppelgänger was out riding the same road in the same conditions but in the opposite direction, that she would work just as hard but accomplish far less
-- *Sandi Metz [Tells your Future](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhpT6Pc4AqM)*
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Productivity
The productivity that you feel when writing Ruby is down to two things:
1. Ruby being very malleable to a particular problem and developer
2. The ability to quickly re-use Ruby components, called Gems
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Writing a Gem
```
Gem::Specification.new do |s|
s.name = 'spellchecker'
s.version = '0.1.0'
s.summary = "This is a spell checker"
...
s.files = ["lib/spellchecker.rb"]
s.add_development_dependency 'testinggem', '~> 2.1'
s.add_runtime_dependency 'wordsgem', '~> 1.1'
s.homepage = 'https://rubygems.org/gems/example'
end
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Using a Gem
`Gemfile`
```
source 'https://rubygems.org'
gem 'nokogiri'
gem 'rack', '~>1.1'
gem 'rspec', :require => 'spec'
```
```
bundle install
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
#Performance
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Performance
>Often people, especially computer engineers, focus on the machines. They think, "By doing this, the machine will run faster. By doing this, the machine will run more effectively. By doing this, the machine will something something something." They are focusing on machines. But in fact we need to focus on humans, on how humans care about doing programming or operating the application of the machines. We are the masters. They are the slaves. -- *Matz*
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Performance
People sometimes dismiss Ruby because *Ruby is slow*. Well it is, and **I don't care**.
1. Hardrware is cheap and developers time is not
2. Buy better hardware with the money saved in productivity
</section>
<section class='slide'>
# Example
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Example
What does this Java code do?
```
Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
cal.add(Calendar.DATE, -1);
System.out.println(cal.getTime() + "");
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Yesterdays Date
Rails gives us a helper where `1.day.ago` returns yesterdays date.
Lets implement that!
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Yesterdays Date
```
class Numeric
def day
self * 60 * 60 * 24
end
end
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Yesterdays Date
```
class Numeric
def ago
Time.now - self
end
end
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Yesterdays Date
`2.day.ago` looks silly. So ...
```
class Numeric
alias :days :day
end
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
#Basics Of Ruby
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
The console `IRB` *Interactive Ruby*
> EXAMPLE
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
Strings
```
a = "Hello World"
puts a
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
Numbers
```
a = 1.2
a.round
a.zero?
3**2
Math.sqrt(100)
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
```
class Mine
def fn(param)
param*10
end
end
```
```
m = Mine.new
m.fn(10)
m.fn("#")
```
```
Mine.instance_methods()
Mine.instance_methods(false)
Mine.new.respond_to?(:fn)
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
```
class Mine
def *(p)
p*10
end
end
```
```
m = Mine.new
m * 10
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
Messages
```
m = Mine.new
m.send(:fn, 10)
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
Attributes
```
class Mine
attr_accessor :name
end
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
Mixins
```
module Blue
def blue?
true
end
end
class Mine
include Blue
end
Mine.new.blue?
class Mine
extend Blue
end
Mine.blue?
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
```
m = Mine.new
m.send(:oh_noes, 10)
```
```
class Mine
def method_missing(m, *args, &block)
puts m
end
end
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
This is powerful, but you can stab yourself with these tools
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
Blocks
```
def map(list)
new_list = []
for l in list
new_list << yield(l)
end
new_list
end
```
```
map [1,2,3] {|x| x*2}
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Basics Of Ruby
Lambdas
```
lambda = ->(x){ x*2 }
map([1,2,3], &lambda)
```
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Summary of Ruby
* I love Ruby
* I think you will love Ruby
</section>
<section class='slide'>
#Ruby on Rails -- The Killer App
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Rails
> You call a libraries code, a framework calls your code
It is a framework
> **Convention over Configuration**
Instead of spending a large amounts of time configuring a project, do it in a standard way and only specify the unconventional.
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Rails
Design Patterns
1. MVC Layout
2. ActiveRecord ORM
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Rails
Favourite Parts
1. **The Asset Pipeline**: The asset pipeline takes a list of assets that need to be pre-compiled like coffeesciprt and sass assets, and then manages their lifecycle in development and deployment lifecycles.
2. **Engines**: A Rails Engine is a RubyGem that includes parts of the MVC pattern. It enables a Rails application to be separated into components.
</section>
<section class='slide'>
##Rails
Why I like Ruby
1. Testing focus
2. Deployment focus
</section>
<section class='slide'>
#Rails *Live Demo*
</section>
<section class="slide">
<h2>Graham Jenson</h2>
<ul>
<li>Twitter: <strong>@grahamjenson</strong> </li>
<li><strong>Blog:</strong> http://maori.geek.nz/blog</li>
</ul>
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