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@jcoglan
Created November 4, 2012 02:12
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$VERBOSE = nil
require File.expand_path('../rooby', __FILE__)
Person = Rooby::Class.new 'Person' do
define :initialize do |name|
@name = name
end
define :name do
@name
end
end
p Person.new('Alice').name # "Alice"
p Person.new('Bob').name # "Bob"
JSON = Rooby::Module.new 'JSON' do
define :to_json do
'{"hello": "world"}'
end
end
Sum = Rooby::Module.new 'Sum' do
define :wat do |a, b|
a + b
end
end
Product = Rooby::Module.new 'Product' do
define :wat do |a, b|
a * b
end
end
Log = Rooby::Module.new 'Log' do
define :wat do |a, b|
Math.log(a) / Math.log(b)
end
end
Foo = Rooby::Class.new 'Foo' do
include JSON
include Sum
metaclass.define :a_singleton_method do
[name, :this_is_cool]
end
define :hello do
:hello_there
end
define :wat do |a, b|
a ** b
end
define :method_missing do |sym, *args|
[:missing, sym, args]
end
end
Bar = Rooby::Class.new 'Bar', Foo
p Foo.ancestors # [Foo, Sum, JSON, Kernel]
p Foo.instance_methods.sort # [:extend, :hello, :inspect, :is_a?, :method, :method_missing, :methods,
# :respond_to?, :to_json, :to_s, :wat]
p Foo.a_singleton_method # ["Foo", :this_is_cool]
p Bar.a_singleton_method # ["Bar", :this_is_cool]
p Foo.new.is_a?(Foo) # true
p Foo.new.is_a?(Bar) # false
p Bar.new.is_a?(Foo) # true
p Bar.new.is_a?(Bar) # true
p Bar.new.is_a?(JSON) # true
p Foo.new.method(:hello) # <Method: <Foo:5af2d6dd>#hello>
p Foo.new.no_method(42) # [:missing, :no_method, [42]]
p Foo.new.hello # :hello_there
p Foo.new.to_json # "{\"hello\": \"world\"}"
p Foo.new.wat(3,4) # 81
Foo.prepend(Product)
p Foo.ancestors # [Product, Foo, Sum, JSON, Kernel]
p Foo.new.wat(3,4) # 12
o = Foo.new
p o.wat(3,4) # 12
o.extend(Log)
p o.wat(3,4) # 0.7924812503605781
# A simplified version of Ruby's object system, implemented in Ruby. This only
# supports a subset of Ruby, but is intended to accurately model inheritance
# and method lookup in as little code as possible, for ease of understanding by
# Ruby programmers.
#
# Classes implemented:
#
# * Object
# * Module < Object
# * Class < Module
# * Kernel, a module included in all Classes
# * UnboundMethod
# * Method
#
# This model implements the main features of Ruby's inheritance system:
#
# * Instance method inheritance with #include
# * Instance method inheritance with #prepend
# * Instance and singleton method inheritance through subclassing
# * Metaclasses, singleton methods and #extend
#
# It does diverge from Ruby on some edge cases. This has the effect of keeping
# the implementation simple while fixing what I consider to be bugs in the
# language ;)
#
# * The double-inclusion problem does not exist in this implementation
# * Class does not violate Liskov -- classes can be passed to #include
# * The superclass of a Class can be a Module
# * Metaclasses can be instantiated and subclassed
#
# Basically, a Class is just a Module that can be instantiated and that will
# inherit the singleton methods of its superclass.
module Rooby
class Object
RESERVED = [:instance_eval, :instance_exec, :==]
(instance_methods - RESERVED).each { |m| undef_method m }
attr_reader :class, :object_id
def initialize(klass = nil)
@class = klass
@object_id = rand(2**32)
end
def metaclass
@meta ||= Class.new(self, self.class)
end
def __send__(method_name, *args)
if method = metaclass.instance_method(method_name)
method.bind(self).call(*args)
elsif method = metaclass.instance_method(:method_missing)
method.bind(self).call(method_name, *args)
else
raise NoMethodError, "Undefined method `#{method_name}' for #{self}"
end
end
alias :method_missing :__send__
end
class Module < Object
def initialize(name = nil, &block)
@name = name
@methods = {}
@includes = []
@prepends = []
instance_eval(&block) if block_given?
end
def ===(object)
object.metaclass.ancestors.include?(self)
end
def ancestors(list = [])
@includes.each { |m| m.ancestors(list) }
list.unshift(self) unless list.include?(self)
@prepends.each { |m| m.ancestors(list) }
list
end
def define(method_name, &block)
name = method_name.to_sym
@methods[name] = UnboundMethod.new(self, name, block)
end
def include(mixin)
@includes << mixin
end
def prepend(mixin)
@prepends << mixin
end
def instance_method(method_name, include_ancestors = true)
if include_ancestors
ancestor = ancestors.find { |a| a.instance_methods(false).include?(method_name) }
ancestor && ancestor.instance_method(method_name, false)
else
@methods[method_name]
end
end
def instance_methods(include_ancestors = true, list = [])
if include_ancestors
@includes.each { |m| m.instance_methods(true, list) }
@prepends.each { |m| m.instance_methods(true, list) }
end
@methods.each_key { |m| list << m unless list.include?(m) }
list
end
def name
case @name
when String then @name
else "<#{Class === self ? 'Class' : 'Module'}:#{@name}>"
end
end
alias :inspect :name
end
class UnboundMethod < Object
attr_reader :name
def initialize(_module, name, block)
@module = _module
@name = name
@block = block
end
def bind(receiver)
Method.new(self, receiver, @block)
end
def inspect
"<UnboundMethod: #{@module}##{name}>"
end
end
class Method < Object
def initialize(unbound, receiver, block)
@unbound = unbound
@receiver = receiver
@block = block
end
def call(*args)
@receiver.instance_exec(*args, &@block)
end
def inspect
"<Method: #{@receiver}##{@unbound.name}>"
end
end
Kernel = Module.new 'Kernel' do
define :extend do |mixin|
metaclass.include(mixin)
end
define :inspect do
"<#{self.class.name}:#{object_id.to_s 16}>"
end
define :is_a? do |type|
type === self
end
define :method do |method_name|
metaclass.instance_method(method_name).bind(self)
end
define :methods do
metaclass.instance_methods
end
define :respond_to? do |method_name|
metaclass.instance_method(method_name) ? true : false
end
define :to_s do
inspect
end
end
class Class < Module
attr_reader :superclass
def initialize(name = nil, superclass = nil, &block)
super(name, &block)
@superclass = superclass
if superclass
@includes.unshift(superclass)
metaclass.include(superclass.metaclass)
end
@includes.unshift(Kernel)
end
def new(*args)
object = Object.new(self)
object.__send__(:initialize, *args) if object.respond_to?(:initialize)
object
end
end
end
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